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pharm 308 > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

what is pharmacology

A

study of drugs that alter functions in living organisms

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2
Q

pharmacotherapy

A

use of drugs to prevent , diagnose, treat S & S

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3
Q

Where do drugs come from?

A

synthetic compounds in labs

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4
Q

what is classification based on?

A

effects on body systems, therapeutic uses, and chemical characteristics

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5
Q

What are prototypes?

A

individual drugs that represent groups of drugs

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6
Q

What does FDA do?

A

enforces the law; approves drugs for over the counter

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7
Q

When was the comprehensive drug abuse prevention and control act passed?

A

1970

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8
Q

What does the comprehensive drug abuse prevention and control act do?

A

regulates manufacturing and distribution of narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and anabolic steroids

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9
Q

What is schedule 1?

A

most addictive and NOT accepted

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10
Q

What is schedule 5?

A

very low potential for abuse and addicition

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11
Q

What does the DEA enforce?

A

controlled substance act`

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12
Q

What is category A and X for pregnancy medications?

A

A= safest, X= known danger

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13
Q

What is Beers Criteria?

A

inappropriate for elderly

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14
Q

What does black box label mean?

A

strongest warning possible

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15
Q

what is a precaution on drug labels?

A

a consideration must be taken

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16
Q

What is a warning on drug labels?

A

serious adverse events have occurred

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17
Q

Where do drug actions occur?

A

cellular level

18
Q

What do drugs do to the body?

A

alter basic process in cells, inhibit normal cell function

19
Q

What is the purpose of transport pathways?

A

move drug molecules through the body and across cell membranes to reach adequate concentration

20
Q

Most meds are given for a ________ effect.

A

systemic

21
Q

What is the most common way of transport?

A

passive diffusion

22
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A

what the body does to the drug

23
Q

What are the 4 ways the body does pharmacokinetics?

A

absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

24
Q

What is absorption?

A

transmission of a drug from the administration route to the bloodstream

25
Q

What is the rate of absorption?

A

how fast to take effect

26
Q

What is the amount of med absorption?

A

intensity

27
Q

What is the most common absorption route?

A

GI & injection

28
Q

What are the routes?

A

oral, sublingual, buccal, rectal, vaginal, subc & IM

29
Q

what is the barrier for oral/GI?

A

enteric and GI pH

30
Q

what is the barrier for inhalation?

A

trouble inhaling and scarring in the lungs

31
Q

what is the barrier for sub?

A

swallowing before dissolved

32
Q

What is the barrier for rectal?

A

stool

33
Q

What is bioavailability?

A

represents the amount of drug successfully reaching circulation

34
Q

What is the key indicator of absorption?

A

bioavailability

35
Q

What route is bioavailability lower due to first pass metabolism effect

A

All routes minus IV

36
Q

What is the first pass metabolism effect?

A

medication reaching liver enzymes before intended site of action

37
Q

How do we go around first pass?

A

enter the bloodstream directly or absorption through skin and lungs

38
Q

What route doesn’t undergo absorption?

A

IV

39
Q

What has 100% bioavailability?

A

IV

40
Q

What is distribution?

A

transportation of medication to sites of action via bodily fluids

41
Q

What does distribution depend on?

A

adequacy of blood circulation

42
Q

what impacts the process of distribution?

A

inhibited circulation and permeability of cell membranes

pharm 308 (1 decks)

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