Intro Flashcards
Amino acids are connected to each other _____
Peptide Bond/Covalent bond
proteins are _____
Polymer of amino acids
how to know if a molecule is an amino acid?
has an amino grp n carboxyl grp
GABA
Gamma-amino butyric acid
first discovered amino acid
aspargine
recently discovered amino acid
threonine
first isolated amino acid
tyrosine
two types of amino acids
essential and non-essential amino acids
other name for non-essential amino acids
conditional amino acids
amino acids that are not synthesized in our body
essential amino acids
non-essential amino acids are ____-
amino acids that can be synthesized in our body
ketone body synthesis, protein synthesis, etc are _____
physiological roles of amino acids
name the physiological roles of amino acids
involved in gluconeogenesis ketone body synthesis protein synthesis acid-base regulations osmolyte acid-base balance neurotransmitter signalling metabolic regulation
Excitatory neurotransmitters are ______
Aspartate and Glutamate
Glycine and GABA are ______
Inhibitory neurotransmitters
Excitatory neurotransmitters open _______
Na channels
Inhibitory neurotransmitters open _____
Chlorine channels
standard amino acids and
non-standard amino acids
protein amino acids are ____
standard amino acids
non-standard amino acids are aka ________
non-proteinaceous amino acids
protein amino acids are _______
incorporated into protein during translation
how many standard amino acids are there?
22
20 are the standard amino acids. which are the rest of the two amino acids?
selenocysteine and pyrolysine
examples of non-standard amino acids
ornithine, citruline, connavanine
physiological role of non-standard amino acids
may become a part of protein through post-translational modifications
