Intrinsic Back Muscles Flashcards
Nuchal
Nape of the neck
Splenius capitis and splenius cervicis make up
Superficial layer of the deep back
Splenius capitis and splenius cervicis
Muscular action
Acting unilaterally laterally flexes the neck and rotates to side to the of active muscles
Acting bilaterally extend the neck and head
attatchments of splenius capitis
PA nuchal ligament SP of C7-T6 vertebrae
DA mastoid process
Attatchments of splenius cervicis
PA nuchal ligament SP of C7-T6
DA attatch to transverse C1-C4
What is the intermediate layer of the deep back
Erector spinae group
Action of the erector spinae group
Unilaterally laterally flex the vertebral column to the ipslateral side
Bilaterally extend the vertebral column
What are the three names of the erectors? In order of medial to lateral
Spinalis
Longissimus
Illiocostalis
What are the sub categories of illiocostalis ?
Illiocostalis lumborum
Illiocostalis thoracis
Illiocostalis cervicis
What are the sub groups of longissimus
Longissimus thoracis
Longissimus capitis
What are the sub group of spinalis
Spinalis thoracis
Spinalis cervicis
Attatchments of the illiocostalis
PA Thoraco lumbarfascia
DA lower rib angles and cervical TP
Attatchments of longissimus
PA thoraco lumbar fascia
DA mastoid process
Spinalis attatchments
PA thoracolumbar fascia
DA Upper thoracic spinous process and cranium
What’s the name of the deep group of the deep back
Transverospinalis group
What are the names of the transverospinalis group ?
( in order of deep to superficial)
Rotatores
Multifidi
Semispinalis
What is the muscle action of the rotatores
Unilaterally
Rotate the vertebral column to the contralateral side
Bilaterally
Extend the vertebral column locally
Attatchments of the rotatores
Thoracic works best
Attatchments
TP of inferior vertebrae and SP of superior vertebrae
1 lvl brevis
2 lvl longus
Muscle action of multifidi
Unilaterally
Rotate the vertebral column to the contra lateral side
Bilaterally extend the vertebral column
Stabilize the vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column
Attatchments of the multifidi
Thickest in the lumbar
Inferior attachement
TP of T1-T3 and C4-C7
Psis
Mamillary process of lumbar vertebrae
2-4 vertebral lvl
Semispinalis muscle activity
Extends the head neck and thoracic spine
Rotates them contralaterally
What innervates the semispinalis
Cervical dorsal rami and spinal cervical nerves
Attatchment of the semispinalis
IA TP of C4 to T12
SA Fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and SP in thoracic and
cervical regions
Spans 4-6 vertebral lvls
What muscles make up the suboccipital triangle
Obliquus capitis superior
Obliquus capitis inferior
Rectus capitits posterior major
The subboccipital group
Obliquus capitis superior
Obliquus capitis inferior
Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Attatchments of capitis posterior major
PA spinous process of C2
DA lateral inferior nuchal line
Attatchment of rectus capitis posterior minor
PA PT of C1
DA medial inferior nuchal line
Obliquus capitis inferior attatchments
PA SP of C2
DA TP of C1
Obliquus capitis superior attatchments
PA TP of C1
DA occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines
What nerve innervates the subboccipital triangle
Suboccipital nerve
What is the roof of the suboccipital triangle
Semispinalis capitis
What is the floor of the subboccipital triangle
Posterior antlanto-occipital membrane and posterior arch of vertebra C1
Subboccipital nerve
Origin
Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C1
Distributes
To muscles of suboccipital muscles
Greater occipital nerve
Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C2
Distributes
Skin over the neck and occipital bone
Lesser occipital nerve
Origin
Anterior rami of spinal nerve C2-C3
Skin of posterolateral neck and scalp posterior to external ear
Posterior rami
Origin C3-C7
Distribution
Intrinsic muscles of back and overlaying skin
(adjacent to vertebral column)
