INTRAVENOUS THERAPY

Question 1

DEFINE TONICITY

Answer 1

CONCENTRATION OF A SUBSTANCE DISSOLVED IN WATER

Question 2

DEFINE HYPERTONIC SOLUTION

Answer 2

SOLUTE CONCENTRATION GREATER THAN THAT OF ECF

Question 3

DEFINE HYPOTONIC SOLUTION

Answer 3

SOLUTE CONCENTRATION LESS THAN THAT OF ECF

Question 4

TYPES OF ISOTONIC FLUIDS

Answer 4

1. 0.9% NaCl
2. LACTATED RINGER’S
3. 5% DEXTROSE IN WATER (BECOMES HYPOTONIC WHEN GLUCOSE METABOLIZED)

Question 5

TYPE OF HYPOTONIC FLUID

Answer 5

1. 0.45% NaCl

Question 6

TYPES OF HYPERTONIC FLUIDS

Answer 6

1. 10-15% DEXTROSE IN WATER
2. 3% NaCl
3. 5% SODIUM BICARBONATE

Question 7

MAIN AND SECONDARY PURPOSE OF IV FLUIDS

Answer 7

MAIN PURPOSE: TO MAINTAIN OR RESTORE FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE
SECONDARY PURPOSE: TO PROVIDE A ROUTE FOR MEDICATION, NUTRITION, AND BLOOD COMPONENTS

Question 8

WHAT IS THE RATE OF THE MACRO-DRIP AND WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED

Answer 8

• DELIVERS 10,12,AOR 15 DROPS PER MILILITER
• SHOULD BE USED IF RAPID ADMINISTRATION IS NEEDED

Question 9

WHAT IS THE RATE OF THE MICRO-DRIP AND WHEN SHOULD IT BE USED

Answer 9

• DELIVERS 60 DROPS PER MILILITER
• SHOULD BE USED WHEN FLUID VOL. NEEDS TO BE SMALLER OR MORE CONTROLLED E.G., CLIENTS WITH COMPROMISED RENAL OR CARDIAC STATUS, CLIENTS ON “KEEP OPEN” RATES, PEDIATRIC CLIENTS

Question 10

WHAT IS THE CALCULATION FOR MILLILITERS PER HOUR?

Answer 10

TOTAL SOLUTION/HOURS TO RUN = mL/hr

Question 11

DROPS PER MINUTE

Answer 11

TOTAL VOLUME X DROP FACTOR/ TIME IN MINS = GGTS/ MIN