Intraocular Inflammation Flashcards
What are the functions of the uvea?
(Aqueous humor dynamics, remove waste, absorb light, control light, and is the blood aqueous barrier)
What anatomical structures make up the uvea which is the vascular tunic of the eye?
(The iris, the ciliary body, and the choroid)
What anatomical structures are affected in anterior versus posterior uveitis?
(Anterior → iris and ciliary body; posterior → choroid)
What are some of the ocular signs of uveitis? 10 answers.
(Episcleral injection, ciliary flush, corneal edema, miosis, synechiae, aqueous flare, hyphema, hypopyon, keratic precipitates, and rubiosis irides)
What is the term for 360 degree vascularization of the cornea that you will not typically see with surface diseases so it indicates something wrong inside the eye?
(Ciliary flush)
What results in miosis in cases of uveitis?
(Painful spasming of the ciliary body musculature)
What is synechiae and which type is more common in uveitis cases?
(Adherence of the iris to the cornea (anterior) or lens (posterior) led by inflammatory cells, fibrin, and fibroblasts; posterior is more common in uveitis cases)
What is the presentation of aqueous flare and why does it occur?
(It will present as a hazy anterior chamber and it is a result of proteins leaking through the disrupted BAB into the aqueous humor)
If you are presented with a dog with keratic precipitates but they are otherwise completely normal both ocularly and systemically, what does that indicate?
(They had a prior occurrence of inflammation that has resolved on its own)
What is rubiosis irides?
(Injection of the iridal blood vessels)
Do you expect the IOP to be high or low in an animal with other signs of uveitis and why?
(Low → ciliary body is not producing enough AH and BAB is allowing fluid to escape faster than it is being replaced)
What are some potential complications of uveitis? 9 answers.
(Synechiae, iris bombe, corneal edema and degeneration (permanent), cataracts, lens instability, vitreous degeneration, retinal detachment, secondary glaucoma, and phthisis bulbi)
What are the general categories of causes for uveitis? 4 answers.
(Primary ocular dz (have another ? on this so not going to list them here), idiopathic, trauma, and ocular manifestation of systemic dzs)
What are primary ocular diseases that can lead to uveitis? 4 answers.
(Cataracts, lens rupture, corneal ulcers, and intraocular masses)
What are the two types of lens induced uveitis (a common cause of uveitis in dogs) and what diseases lead to them?
(Phacolytic uveitis → soluble lens protein leaks through an intact lens, cataracts can cause this; phacoclastic uveitis → sudden exposure of intact lens protein d/t lens capsule tear, diabetes and trauma can cause this)
