Intracranial bleeds Flashcards
What are the risk factors for intracranial bleeds?
- Head Injury
- Hypertension
- Aneurysms in the Circle of Willis
- Ischaemic Stroke
- Brain tumours
- Anticoagulation
What is the key feature of IB?
Sudden onset headache
Subdural haemorrhage is between which meninges of the brain?
The dura and arachnoid matter
Which artery is ruptured in a subdural haemorrhage?
Bridging veins
What is the characteristic of the subdural haemorrhage?
On a CT scan they have a crescent shape and they cross over the cranial sutures
Who is more likely to suffer a subdural haemorrhage?
Older and alcoholic patients.
Extradural haemorrhage occurs between?
The dura matter and the skull
What is different in extradural haemorrhage compared to subdural haemorrhage?
Extradural haemorrhage do not cross over the cranial sutures.
How extradural haemorrhage is caused?
Trauma in the pterion causes rupture of the middle meningeal artery.
Who is the typical patient of an extradural haemorrhage?
Typically young patients with an ongoing headache.
Do symptoms improve at first after an extradural haematoma?
Yes. Symptoms improve first but after a couple of hours, haematoma becomes large enough to compress adjacent structures.
Where does subarachnoid haemorrhage occur?
Between the pia and arachnoid matter.
What is it found in the subarachnoid space?
CSF
What is a particular feature of a subarachnoid haemorrhage?
Sudden onset occipital headache during strenuous activity.
What is subarachnoid haemorrhage associated with?
Cocaine use and sickle cell anaemia.
