Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CP4 = Diseases of the GI Tract > Intra-Abdominal Infections > Flashcards

Intra-Abdominal Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Define: Intra-adbominal infection

A

Microorganisms presence in usually sterile abdominal cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where do intra-abdominal infections usually occur?

A

> Heptatobiliary tree

> Peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What disease is not an intra-abdominal infection and why?

A

Gastroenteritis because it occurs in the bowel lumen which is not sterile.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the sources of intra-abdominal infections?

A

> GI contents
Blood
External

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is an Intraperitoneal infection mechanism?

A

Microorganisms translocate from GI lumen to peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a Hepatobiliary/ biliary tract infection mechanism?

A

Microorganisms translocate along a lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a penetrating trauma/haematogenous infection mechanism?

A

Microorganisms from an external source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the mechanisms of translocation across a wall?

A

> PERFORATION - Appendix, Ulcer, Diverticulum, Malignancy
INTEGRITY LOSS - Ischaemia, Strangulation
SURGERY - Seeding, anastomosis leakage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In whom does a perforated appendix occur?

A

Children and young adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the pathogenesis of a perforated appendix?

A

> Blocked vermiform appendix
Stagnation of bacteria, inflammatory cells
Build up of pressure may –> Perforation
Lumen contents into peritoneal cavity –> Peritonitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the symptoms of a perforated Appendix?

A

> Severe, general pain
Shock
May feel an “Appendix Mass”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the treatment for a perforated Appendix?

A

> Cefuroxamine

> Metrondiazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a diverticulum?

A

When a submucosa/mucosa herniation through muscular layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the complications of a diverticulum?

A

> Diverticulitis
Perforation
Peri-colic abscess.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What two types of intra-abdominal infections can Bowel cancer be?

A

> Intra-peritonea

> Haematogenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What bacteria are assoc with Bowel cancer?

A

> Clostridium Septicum

> Streptococcus Gallolyticus

17
Q

What is the pathology of Bowel cancer leading to integrity loss?

A

Abnormal malignant tissue has less bowel wall integrity

18
Q

What are the symptoms of bowel cancer?

A

> Weight loss
Altered bowel habit
Blood in stool etc

19
Q

How does Ischaemia cause gut wall integrity loss?

A

> Strangulation
Ischaemia
Post-op aneurysm repair

20
Q

How can surgery cause an intra-peritoneal infection?

A

> Anastomosis Leak
Acute infection - Shock and acute pain
Seeding - Reduce chance with prophylaxis
Intra-peritoneal abscess

21
Q

What are the mechanisms of hepatobiliary/ biliary tract infections?

A

Blockage - Cholecystitis, Cholangitis, Hepatic Abscess

Iatrogenic - Instrumentation

22
Q

What is Cholecystitis? What are its cause/results? How does it present?

A

= Chemical inflammation of the gallbladder wall
Cause/Result = Bacterial infection. Assc with gallstones, surgical, malignancy and parasitic worms
Presentation = Fever, Right UQ pain, Mild Jaundice

23
Q

What is Emphysematous Cholecystitis?

A

Gas in the gallbladder wall

24
Q

What is a complication of Cholecystitis?

A

Empyema of Gallbladder = Pus in gallbladder wall. Same presentation as Cholecystitis but with septic infection.

25
Q

What is Cholangitis?

A

Inflammation/infection of the biliary tree

26
Q

What is the only cause of Cholangitis that is different from Cholecystitis?

A

Can occur following endoscopy.

27
Q

How can Cholangitis present?

A

Fever, R UQ pain, Jaundice (Same as Cholecystitis)

28
Q

What are the infection routes for a pyogenic liver abscess?

A

> Biliary obstruction
Direct spread from other intra-abdominal infections
Haematogenous - from mesenteric or systemic infection
Penetrating trauma
Idiopathic

29
Q

What is a intra-peritoneal abscess?

A

A localised collection of pus build-up.

30
Q

Where are intra-peritoneal abscess usually located?

A

> Subphrenic
Subhepatic
Paracolic
Pelvic

31
Q

What are the pre disposing factors to an intra-peritoneal abscess?

A 
> Perforation - ulcer, diverticulum, appendix
> Pancreatitis
> Bowel ischaemia 
> Penetrating trauma
> Cholecystitis
> Post op anastomotic leak
32
Q

What is the presentation of intra-peritoneal abscess?

A 
NON SEPCIFIC 
> Anorexia
> Wasting
> Sweating
> High swinging pyrexia
33
Q

What are the symptoms of a Subphrenic Abscess?

A

> Persistant hiccups
Pain in affected shoulder side
Intercostal pain
Apparent hepatomegaly

34
Q

What are the symptoms of a Pelvic Abscess?

A

> Urinary frequency

> Tenesmus - want to empty bowels loads

35
Q

What is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A

Infected ascitic fluid (peritoneal fluid more than 25ml)

36
Q

What bacteria causes Amoebic abscesses?

A

E. Histolytica

37
Q

What bacteria causes a Hytaid cyst?

A

E. Granulosus

38
Q

What causes Ileocaecal TB?

A

M. Tuberculosis

CP4 = Diseases of the GI Tract (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions