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EMDR > Intoduction To EMDR > Flashcards

Intoduction To EMDR Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of the three-pronged protocol?

A

1) Past memories
2) Present triggers
3) Future template

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2
Q

When considering past targets, what type of memory refers to the first time the client experienced a negative cognition relating to the current distress associated with a particular memory network?

A

The Touchstone Memory

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3
Q

For each present trigger, the client must identify how they would like to handle this situation in the _______ (past, present, future).

A

The client will identify how they would like to feel, behave, and cope with a similar situation in the future.

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4
Q

Accessing dysfunctional information can be done through ________(3).

A

1) Cognitions
2) Emotions
3) Physical sensations

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5
Q

How does the Neocortex (i.e. “thinking brain”) influence the type of cognitions we experience (3)?

A

1) Image
2) Negative cognition (NC): negative self-perception or concept
3) Positive cognition (PC): increases awareness of cognitive distortion (NC) and increases hope

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6
Q

The Validity of Cognition (VC) is used to measure the strength of the: a) Image b) Negative Cognition c) Positive Cognition

A

c) Positive Cognition

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7
Q

___________ evaluate the current level of distress using the SUD (Selective Units of Disturbance Scale)

A

Emotions (mammalian brain)

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8
Q

Cognitions are associated with what part of the brain?

A

The Neocortex is the “thinking brain” associated with images and cognitions (i.e. negative and positive beliefs)

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9
Q

Emotions are associated with what part of the brain?

A

The Mammalian brain (“emotional brain”) stores emotions that are linked to the target.

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10
Q

What part of the brain is associated with body responses that may be associated with particular emotions or sensory experiences from an event?

A

The reptilian brain is associated with physical body sensations associated with past events.

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11
Q

What does the SUD measure during Phase 1?

A

The SUD identifies the number of targets to be processed

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12
Q

What does the SUD measure in phase 3?

A

It provides the baseline activation

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13
Q

What does the SUD measure in phase 4?

A

It allows the clinician to determine whether desensitization has taken place and evaluates processing progress

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14
Q

What does the Validity of Cognition measure?

A

The VOC is a 7-point rating scale that the client uses to how true they feel the positive cognition (PC) is to them now as they pair the memory with the PC

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15
Q

EMDR involves working with dysfunctionally stores experiences also know as _____________.

A

Memories

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16
Q

What model is EMDR based on?

A

The Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model

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17
Q

What does the AIP model posit?

A

Much of psychopathology is due to the maladaptive encoding and incomplete processing of traumatic, disturbing, and adverse life experiences, impairing the individuals ability to integrate these experiences in an adaptive manner.

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18
Q

How does EMDR resume the normal information processing and integration?

A

This 8-phase, 3-pronged approach targets past experiences, current triggers, and future potential challenges which alleviate present symptoms, decrease distress, improve the view of self, relieve triggers (past, present, future).

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19
Q

How does the premise the “past is present” relate to EMDR?

A

EMDR holds the view that negative beliefs, affect, and body sensations are state-specific and relate to past events, which affect the individuals present perceptions, cognitions, affect, body sensations and behaviours.

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20
Q

What is a touchstone memory?

A

A memory that lays the foundation for the client’s current presenting issue or problem. It is the first time the individual can recall experiencing the negative condition associated with memory network at hand.

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21
Q

What is the difference between a memory and a trigger in terms of the 3-pronged protocol sequencing?

A

Memories are past targets whereas triggers are present targets

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22
Q

What are examples of present triggers that can elicit state-specific reactions for past dysfunctionally stored memories?

A

Situation, sensory inputs (sight, sound, taste, touch, smell), people, or circumstance that elicit reaction from last dysfunctionally stored memory.

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23
Q

Regarding present triggers, what is the purpose of identifying how the individual would like to feel, behave, cope, and thinking about similar future encounters?

A

Building a positive template incorporates adaptive information learned through reprocessing past and present targets, positive cognitions installed during reprocessing of the present trigger and provides the individual with missing information they may not have had the opportunity to yet learn or consider.

24
Q

What is the Subjective Unit of Disturbance (SUD)?

A

Measures the level of distress associated with an incident/event.

25
Q

What is the Validity of Cognition (VOC)?

A

The VOC is the measurement of how true the selected PC feels when paired with the target incident/event.

26
Q

What are the 8 phases of EMDR therapy?

A

1) Client history & treatment planning
2) Preparation
3) Assessment
4) Desensitization
5) Installation
6) Body Scan
7) Closure
8) Re-evaluation

27
Q

What phase of EMDR activates the memory network in preparation for reprocessing?

A

Phase 3: Assessment

28
Q

What EMDR phases objective is to return the individual to a state of emotional equilibrium before the session has ended?

A

Phase 7: Closure

29
Q

What EMDR phase is designed to both insert and enhance a PC into the memory network that holds the memory being reprocessed?

A

Phase 5: Installation

30
Q

What EMDR phase facilitates the full integration of a positive self-assessment and generalization through associated memory networks?

A

Phase 5: Installation

31
Q

What phase utilizes history taking to determine whether EMDR would be a suitable treatment approach?

A

Phase 1: History Taking & Treatment Planning

32
Q

What phase develops a treatment plan and targets for processing?

A

Phase 1: Client History & Treatment Planning

33
Q

What phase is used to target physical body sensations associated with the target memory?

A

Phase 6: Body Scan

34
Q

What phase is the “jumping off point” for starting reprocessing work and establishing baseline measurements?

A

Phase 3: Assessment

35
Q

What phase acquires client psychoeducation, consent, affect management and dual awareness maintenance strategies?

A

Phase 2: Preparation

36
Q

What phase reprocesses dysfunctionally stored materials leading to a reduced level of disturbance?

A

Phase 4: Desensitization

37
Q

What phase utilizes dual attention stimuli in the form of bilateral stimulation to assist the brain to link Ryan functional material to adaptive networks in the brain?

A

Phase 4: Desensitization

38
Q

What phase is repeated with each therapy session following reprocessing work?

A

Phase 8: Re-evaluation

39
Q

What phase assess what variables have changed in between sessions and establishes what needs to be done moving forward?

A

Phase 8: Re-evaluation

40
Q

What phase identifies blocking beliefs, areas of resistance, and channels of association that require additional reprocessing?

A

Phase 6: Body Scan

41
Q

What phase identifies how to continue on with an incomplete previous therapy session?

A

Phase 8: Re-evaluation

42
Q

Define Dual Attention Stimulus (DAS)?

A

The activation of the information-processing system they allows for reprocessing to occur via internal and external stimuli (e.g. eye movements, tactile, auditory, etc)

43
Q

True or false: DAS is a form of bilateral stimulation

A

True

44
Q

True or false: DAS refers to the focusing of two or more things at the same time

A

False: DAS refers to the focusing of TWO things at the same time

45
Q

Define Dual Attention

A

Dual attention is the ability to think about the past (i.e. the memory) while knowing and feeling like yourself in the present moment

46
Q

What are the 3 types of Bilateral Stimulation (BLS) that can be utilized to facilitate Dual Attention Stimulus (DAS)?

A

1) Eye movements (EMs)
2) Tactile bilateral stimulation
3) Auditory bilateral stimulation

47
Q

The _____ _____ _____ model is the theoretical and explanatory model for EMDR therapy

A

Adaptive Information Processing (AIP)

48
Q

What psychological orientations blend well with EMDR (3)?

A

1) Psychodynamic Theory: unconscious processes that lead to the current pathology
2) Behavioural Therapy: behaviours acquired through conditioning and learning
3) Cognitive Therapy: The individuals perceptions and cognitions influence behaviour and emotions, which can be altered via reframing and self-monitoring

49
Q

_______ _______ are viewed as the result of activation of memories that have been inadequately processed or stored in memory.

A

Present symptoms

50
Q

__________ __________ are the basis for perceptions and behaviours.

A

Memory networks

51
Q

___________ consist of the material from the time of the event (information about the event, perceptions, thoughts, beliefs, emotions, sensory information).

A

Memories

52
Q

True or false: Traumatic experiences disrupt information processing in the brain and are the source of current dysfunction

A

True

53
Q

When information is encoded in a heightened state of arousal/lack of arousal, it remains associated with the internal and external stimuli that were present at the time of the trauma, holding it in a _________-_________ form.

A

State-specific

54
Q

Incomplete processing sets in motion patterns which affect behaviours, cognitions and belief structures that ultimately __________ dysfunction.

A

Maintain

55
Q

How can traumatic experiences become “stuck in time” when they are not adequately processed?

A

Flashbacks and nightmares (dysfunctionally stored memories of the past) can be triggered by present stimuli. This may be reflective of the information processing systems attempts to “unstick” the trauma.

56
Q

The 3 primary these for interweaves are:

A

Responsibility, safety and choices

EMDR (1 decks)

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