intocariology

Question 1

dental caries is a chronic disease, what happens during the early stages ?

Answer 1

Loss of Minerals
Loss of Function
Poor Esthetics
Pain

Question 1

dental caries is a chronic disease, what happens during the late stages ?

Answer 1

Extreme Pain
Loss of Vitality (RCT)
Loss of Restorability (EXT)

Question 2

causality of dental caries, multifactorial

Answer 2

Host Factors
Presence of Carbohydrates as the Bacterial Food Source
Cariogenic Dental Plaque Bacteria- not all bacteria are cariogenic
Environmental Factors

Question 3

causality of dental caries, site- specific disease

Answer 3

Salivary Clearance Patterns-Saliva naturally washes away bacteria
Host Factorsdry mouth, tooth crowding etc.
Plaque Thickness, Diffusion and Metabolic Activity

Question 4

causality of dental caries, dynamic process

Answer 4

There is a continual Imbalance between Mineral Loss and Mineral Gain
Mineral Loss > Mineral Gain MAY leads to cavitation

Question 5

what is the critical ph for enamel

Answer 5

5.5

Question 6

low caries risk

Answer 6

more time spent above ph5.5 ( more reminerlization than deminerlization)

Question 7

Hydroxyapatite (HAP)-the naturally occurring mineral that makes up 97% of tooth enamel and 70% of dentin
t/f

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What Increases Solubility of HAP Crystals?

Answer 8

Purity of HAP Crystals
Inorganic Impurities (water, trace elements, carbonate)
Organic Impurities (proteins and lipids)
Impurities Determine HAP:
Crystal Size
Crystal Shape
Crystal Proximity

Question 9

What Provides a More Resistant Crystal?

Answer 9

A More Stable Crystal
Fewer Inorganic Impurities (especially carbonate)
Presence of Fluoride= Fluorapatite (FAP)
FAP More Stable Crystal Than HAP
Uniform Crystal Size and Shape
Closely Packed Crystals
Post-eruptive Maturation (loss of carbonate ions

Question 10

Frequency of eating fermentable has strong association with dental caries
Diet remains the main driver of the dental caries process
t/f

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Several Endogenous Species Contribute to Dental Caries:

Answer 11

Mutans Streptococci Species
S. Mutans
S. Sobrinus
Lactobacillus Species
Actinomyces Species
Nonmutans Streptococci Species
Yeast Species

Question 12

envirnomental factors of forming caries

Answer 12

socioecnomic status
income
mental/physical disabillites

Question 13

anti-caries agents (ie fluoride) are dispersed differently throughout the mouth based upon…

Answer 13

1-Rate of salivary flow
Salivary Film Thickness
Salivary Film Velocity
2-Proximity to major salivary gland orifices
3-Anatomic Considerations
Occlusal Surfaces Molars = highest caries risk
Lingual Surfaces Mandibular Incisors = lowest caries ris

Question 14

Host factors that contribute to the site specificity of dental caries:

Answer 14

1- tooth arch form
2- tooth position
3- tooth morphology
4- others : dental appliances
faulty dental restoration
erupting teeth

Question 15

Plaque thickness at a particular tooth site is determined by

Answer 15

1-Adhesive nature of bacteria and their extracellular products
Water insoluble glucans (sticky)
2-Anatomical features
Pits and fissures
Tooth shape and spacing
Surface irregularities
3-Oral hygiene practices
Brushing and Flossing
4-Iatrogenic factors
Orthodontic bands
Faulty restorations
5-Movement of Soft Tissue
Tongue and cheeks