Intimate Partner Violence Flashcards
what is intimate partner violence?
abuse or aggression that occurs in or after a romantic relationship
what are some common myths about ipv regarding the victim?
-the victim was asking for it or deserves it
-the victim can easily leave
-the victim is lying
-the victim is abusive (too)
what are some common myths about ipv regarding the offender?
-the offender is a good person and should not have their life ruined
-substances or alcohol excuse the violence
-violence is only physical
-marriage excuses rape or controlling behaviors
what are the different kinds of abuse?
physical, sexual, stalking, psychological/mental/emotional, femicide/homicide/familicide, financial/coercive control
-psychological is almost always present with another abuse of any kind
why is financial abuse hard to escape?
the offender controls most or all of the victims money, meaning that they have no way to escape, no future, no transportation, etc.
what is the most common kind of abuse?
financial abuse or economic abuse
-95-99% of all abuse victims have been financially abused
categories of financial abuse
-with holding knowledge of the funds
-with holding the funds
-employment sabotage- not allowing the victim to have a job, not preventing them from attending/keeping their job
-coerced debt- taking out debt in the victim’s name
what are the kinds of coerced debt?
-through fraud- opening accounts or cards or loans in the victims name
-through force
-through misinformation- lying to them about what you are doing in their name
how do offenders financially abuse the victim after they are separated?
offenders can continue to abuse the victim in the same ways as during the relationship
-using their children against them
-with holding child support
-using a prenup to leave them without money
what is the most dangerous weapon to have present in an ipv situation?
guns
does family violence affect other violent acts?
yes
-54% of mass shootings involve ipv or family violence
-is often still lurking in the other 46% of mass shootings
what is different between opposite sex ipv and same sex ipv?
in same sex ipv scenarios, it is often more difficult to locate the primary offender
-it is hard to study same sex ipv
how does race affect ipv?
women of color are at a MUCH higher risk of experiencing ipv
-rates of black and hispanic women reporting ipv are 2-3 times higher than white women
what are some general costs of ipv?
-american taxes cover $8 billion a year in medical bills due to ipv
-victims lose 8 million workdays a year overall due to ipv
-50% of homeless women are homeless because of ipv (ipv is the 3rd leading cause of homelessness)
what is the violence against women act?
underfunded
how does our current legal system endanger women affected by ipv?
-forces them to see their offender in court
-violent offenders often get off with a slap on the wrist
-referring to ipv as “domestic disputes”
-overall downplaying ipv
how do women acting in self defense get a higher sentence than offenders when murder (iph) occurs?
when a woman is being abused by her partner and must kill him to avoid being killed herself, she often must do so when he is asleep. men typically kill their partners by beating or strangling them in fits of rage. the courts deem woman murders to the second degree, since it was premeditated and while he was asleep.
historically, how have animals been protected better than women?
-it was illegal to beat your animals (1800s) decades before it was illegal to beat (1920) or rape(1993) your wife
-there are still significantly more animal shelters than domestic violence shelters
what are the theories of intimate partner violence?
-routine activities theory
-social learning theory
-feminist theory
-resource theory
routine activities theory
crime occurs when there are:
1. a motivated offender
2. a suitable target
3. a lack of a capable guardian (accountability)
-the offender is making a rational choice/decision that minimizes personal costs and maximizes personal benefits
social learning theory
conditioning and modeling shapes behavior
-when the victim or offender have experienced other ipv, they are more likely to perpetrate or experience ipv in their relationships
-bandura
feminist theory
men are socialized to be masculine, and must attack any threats to their masculinity
-some threats include: women providing more than them, being seen as gay/feminine, when they are prevented from acting masculine
-when unable to assert their masculinity, they often resort to violence (typically loss of control)
resource theory
the less resources available to a person equals more reasons to use violence
-the family member with the most resources has less reasons to use violence
-lower income, loss of control, and unemployment often leads to higher rates of ipv
-when the woman has more resources, the man tends to retaliate violently, but not vice versa
what is the contradiction of using feminist theory in ipv situations?
by patriarchal standards, men are more valuable than women, so beating up a woman is not as masculine as beating up another man
-instead beating women is used to reinforce her gender expectations of submitting, serving, etc.
