Inteumentary Study Guide

Question 1

How do we define an organ?

Answer 1

Collection of tissues that structurally form a functional unit specialized to perform a particular function

Question 2

what is the largest organ in the human body?

Answer 2

skin

Question 3

what organs make up the integumentary system

Answer 3

skin, hair, nails, and associated glands like sebaceous glands and sweat glands

Question 4

what are the nerve fibers of the integumentary system associated with

Answer 4

sensory perception/sensory nerve fibers

Question 5

know the makeup and description of the layers

Answer 5

epidermis(outer layer), the dermis(middle layer), hypodermis(subcutaneous layer)

Question 6

know the functions of the skin

Answer 6

protection against microorganisms, dehydration, ultraviolet light, and mechanical damage

Question 7

where do we find the blood vessels that supply the skin

Answer 7

within the dermis layer of the skin

Question 8

skin cancer cells are most likely to develop from

Answer 8

sun exposure

Question 9

the main function of melanocyte

Answer 9

produce melanin

Question 10

injections that are administered into the tissues of the skin are called

Answer 10

intradermal injection

Question 11

skin cells play an important role in the production of which vitamin

Answer 11

vitamin d

Question 12

exposure to ultraviolet light darkens the skin by stimulating the production of what

Answer 12

production of melanin

Question 13

what is cyanosis and what causes it

Answer 13

bluish color in the skin, lips, and nail beds caused by a shortage of oxygen in the blood

Question 14

know the layers of the epidermis and compare and contrast it with the dermis

Answer 14

The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, consists of five distinct layers: stratum basale (germinativum), stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum (only present in thick skin), and stratum corneum, while the dermis, the layer beneath the epidermis, is composed of two layers: the papillary dermis (superficial) and the reticular dermis (deep), with the key difference being that the epidermis is primarily made up of keratinocytes and functions as a protective barrier, while the dermis contains connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and glands, providing structural support and flexibility to the skin.

Question 15

where are carcinomas most commonly found

Answer 15

they start in the epithelial tissue

Question 16

what acts as an insulator in the subcutaneous layer

Answer 16

adipose tissue, also known as body fat

Question 17

what pigment is produced by the melanocytes

Answer 17

melanin

Question 18

what makes up the shaft of a hair

Answer 18

keratin

Question 19

what are the parts of a nail

Answer 19

Nail plate
Lunula
Eponychium
Cuticle
Hyponychium
Nail folds
Nail matrix
Matrix
Free edge
Sterile matrix
Nail groove
Onychodermal band
Germinal matrix
Muehrcke nails
Paronychium
Nail anatomy
Mantle
Nail malformation
Nail tip free edge
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Question 20

where do we find the various glands associated with the integumentary system

Answer 20

sudoriferous/sweat glands, sebaceous/oil glands, ceruminous/earwax gland, mammary/produce milk

Question 21

what type of muscle tissue make up the arrector pili muscles

Answer 21

smooth muscle

Question 22

why is it important to maintain body temperature

Answer 22

enzymes in a body’s cells must have the correct temperature to be able to catalyse chemical reactions