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Spinal Exam 3 > Intervertebral disc > Flashcards

Intervertebral disc Flashcards

1
Q

What isthe number of true intervertebral discs identified in the adult

A

Twenty-three

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2
Q

In the adult, which vertebral levels will demonstrate a true intervertebral disc

A

Those between C2 and S1 inclusive

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3
Q

What is the length of the intervertebral disc contribution to the vertebral column length

A

about seven inches

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4
Q

What is the pervent of intervertebral disc height contribution to the length of each region of the vertebral column

A

Cervical 22-25%
Thoracic 20%
lumbar 33%

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5
Q

What are the names of the central peripheral and horizontal zones of the intervertebral disc

A

Nucleus pulposus = central zone
annulus fibrosus = peripheral zone
cartilaginous end plate = horizontal zone

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6
Q

What is the water concentration in the lumbar nucleus pulposus at birth and after thirty

A

Birth 88%

thirty 70%

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7
Q

What is the consequence of non-aggregated glycosaminoglycans in the lumbar nucleus

A

the nucleus pulposus will lose water under deformation conditions

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8
Q

What cell is associated with the nucleus pulposus until about age eleven

A

Notocohord cells

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9
Q

Which type of collagen is dominant in the nucleus pulposus

A

Collagen type II

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10
Q

What is the organizational pattern for collagen fibers in the nucleus pulposus

A

They are irregularly orientated and randomly scattered

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11
Q

What is the appearance of the cervical annulus fibrosus

A

A horse-shoe with the anterior margin thick and the lateral margins tapering to the uncinate processes; the posterior margin is thin

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12
Q

What compensates for the thiness of the posterior part of the cervical annulus fibrosus

A

Posterior longitudinal ligament

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13
Q

What is the organization of the lumbat annulus fibrosus

A

it has 12-14 concentric cylindrical lamellae

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14
Q

What is the water concentration in the lumbar annulus fibrous at birth and after thirty

A

Birth 78%

Thirty 70%

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15
Q

What is the organizational pattern for glycosaminoglycans in the lumbar annulus fibrosus

A

They typically have a binding site for hyaluronic acid and are thus aggregated

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16
Q

Which type of collagen is dominant in the annulus fibrosus

A

Collagen type 1

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17
Q

What is the organizational pattern for collagen fibers in the annulus fibrosus

A

They are parallel with one another in a single lamellus and angled

18
Q

What is the attachment site for collagen fibers within the annulus fibrosus

A

Collagen fibers of the outer lamellae will become Sharpey’s fibers and penetrate the epiphyseal rim
Collagen fibers of the inner lamellae will attach to the cartilaginous end plate

19
Q

What is the origin for the cells of the annulus fibrosus

A

Sclerotomites

20
Q

what part of the vertebral body upper and lower surfaces will the cartilage end plate not cover

A

The epiphyseal rim

21
Q

What is the principal type of collagen fiber within the cartilage end plate

A

The type II collagen fiber

22
Q

what is the direction of collagen fibers within the cartilage end plate

A

Collagen fibers are aligned anterior to posterior

23
Q

What is the attachment site for collagen fibers of the inner lamellae of the annulus fibrosus

A

the cartilaginous end plate

24
Q

What are the types of receptor endings in the intervertebral disc

A

Nociceptors and proprioceptros

25
Q

What is the relationship between size of the intervertebral disc and receptor endings

A

The larger the disc, the greater the variery of receptor endings

26
Q

What part of the intervertebral disc is innervated by the recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertebral/sinus vertebral nerve

A

The outer lamellae of the annulus fibrosus at the posterior part of the intervertebral disc

27
Q

What forms the anterior neular plexus of the vertebral column

A

Fibers from the ventral primary ramus

28
Q

What forms the lateral neural plexus of the vertebral column

A

Fibers from the ventral primary ramus
fibers form the white ramus communicans
Fibers from the paradiscal ramus communicans
fibers form the grey ramus communicans

29
Q

What is the name given to the white ramus communicans which becomes embedded within the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc

A

The paradiscal ramus communicans

30
Q

What part of the intervertebral disc is innervated by fibers from the paradiscal ramus communicans

A

the outer lamellae of the annulus fibrosus at the lateral part of the intervertebral disc

31
Q

How does the intervertebral disc attach to the vertebral body

A

Sharpey’s fibers from the outer lamellae of the annulus fibrosus are firmly embedded into the epiphyseal rims of the adjacent vertebral bodies

32
Q

Based on histology, what is the classification of the intervertebral disc

A

A cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis

33
Q

What are the divisions of the embryonic somite

A

Sclerotome
Myotome
dermatome

34
Q

What structure is formed following migration of sclerotomes to surround the notochord

A

Perichordal blastema

35
Q

What is formed within the perichordal blastema between the sclerotomites

A

The intrasclerotomal fissure or fissure of con ebner

36
Q

What does the intersclerotomal fissure or fissure of von ebner become

A

the perichordal disc

37
Q

What will the dense sclerotomite become

A

The upper part of the vertebral segment forming below

38
Q

What structure forms following migration and subsequent mixing of the sclerotomites

A

vertebral blastema

39
Q

What part of the intervertebral disc will the notochord form

A

The nucleus pulposus

40
Q

What part of the intervertebral disc will the perichordal disc form

A

The annulus fibrosus

41
Q

What is the earliest indicator of the position of the adult intervertebral disc

A

Intrasclerotomal fissure or fissure of von ebner

Spinal Exam 3 (37 decks)

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