Intervention Modalities and Treatment of Mental Illness

Question 1

What are the major areas of the brain?

Answer 1

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Limbic System
Brain Stem

Question 2

What is the function of the Cerebrum?

Answer 2

Also known as the cortex, is responsible for for higher brain functions such as thought and action

Question 3

What is the function of the Cerebellum?

Answer 3

Also know as the little brain, it is responsible for regulation and coordination of movement, posture, and balance.

Question 4

What is the the Limbic System?

Answer 4

This system, also known as the emotional brain, contains the thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus

Question 5

What is the function of the Brain Stem?

Answer 5

This structure is responsible for basic vital life functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure.

Question 6

Define Serotonin

Answer 6

a neurotransmitter found only in the brain

Question 7

Define Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (γ-aminobutyric acid, or GABA),

Answer 7

an amino acid, is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and has been found to modulate other neurotransmitter systems rather than to provide a direct stimulus (

Question 8

Define Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS)

Answer 8

neurologic side effects of antipsychotic medications that are drug and dose related; treated with anticholinergic medication; includes dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia

Question 9

Define Dopamine

Answer 9

a neurotransmitter located primarily in the brain stem; has been found to be involved in the control of complex movements, motivation, cognition, and regulation of emotional responses

Question 10

Define Epinephrine

Answer 10

derivative of norepinephrine, the most prevalent neurotransmitter in the nervous system, located primarily in the brain stem, and plays a role in changes in attention, learning and memory, sleep and wakefulness, and mood regulation

Question 11

Define Neurotransmitters

Answer 11

the chemical substances manufactured in the neuron that aid in the transmission of information throughout the body

Question 12

Define Norepinephrine

Answer 12

the most prevalent neurotransmitter in the nervous system

Question 13

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

Answer 13

Ability to think & plan
*Stability of personality
* Insight
*Inhibition of primitive emotional responses
Motor aspects of both written & spoken speech

Question 14

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

Answer 14

Receiving & identifying sensory information
Memory association
Proprioception
Sensory Speech

Question 15

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

Answer 15

Vision (Visual hallucinations)

Visual speech

Question 16

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

Answer 16

Hearing (auditory hallucinations)
Complex memory
Emotion (difficulty recognizing & controlling)
Gender identity
Production of speech
Analysis of speech
Dejà vu

Question 17

What is the hippocampus responsible for?

Answer 17

learning and memory
converting short term memory to long term memory
recalling spatial relationships

Question 18

What is the hypothalamus responsible for?

Answer 18

homeostasis
emotion 
thirst
hunger
circadian rhythms
controls the autonomic nervous system and the pituitary

Question 19

What is the thalamus responsible for?

Answer 19

sensory and motor functions

all sensory information (except smell) synapses here before it is relayed to the cerebral cortex.

Question 20

What is the amygdala responsible for?

Answer 20

memory
emotion
fear

Question 21

What is the mid-brain responsible for?

Answer 21

vision
hearing
eye movement
voluntary motor movement

Question 22

What is the pons responsible for?

Answer 22

motor control
sensory analysis
level of consciousness
sleep
movement
posture

Question 23

What is the medulla responsible for?

Answer 23

maintaining vital body functions; such as breathing and heartrate

Question 24

What is the theory of neurobiologic causes of mental illness and what does the research prove?

Answer 24

genetics and heredity
–Although some genetic links have been found in certain mental disorders, studies have not shown that these illnesses are solely genetically linked.

psychoimmunology (stress and the immune system)
–So far, efforts to link a specific stressor with a specific disease have been unsuccessful. However, the immune system and the brain can influence neurotransmitters.

Infection
–Some researchers are focusing on infection as a cause of mental illness, but so far, no testing or research has provided specific or conclusive evidence.

Question 25

Which primary neurotransmitter(s) is affected by Typical/Atypical anti-psychotics?

Answer 25

Dopamine

Question 26

Which primary neurotransmitter(s) is affected by Tricyclic antidepressants?

Answer 26

Norepinephrine and Serotonin

Question 27

Which primary neurotransmitter(s) is affected by Monoamine oxidase inhibitors?

Answer 27

the MAO enzyme that metabolizes Dopamine, Norepinephrine and Serotonin

Question 28

Which primary neurotransmitter(s) is affected by Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors?

Answer 28

Serotonin

Question 29

Which primary neurotransmitter(s) is affected by Anticholinesterase drugs?

Answer 29

inhibits the enzyme that metabolizes acetylcholine

Question 30

Which primary neurotransmitter(s) is affected by Antianxiety agents?

Answer 30

GABA

Question 31

What are common barriers to maintaining medication regimens?

Answer 31

Access to health care
Health insurance and cost
Feel as though medications are no longer needed
Education level
Language barriers
Cultural barriers

Question 32

What is the criteria that must be met for the involuntary admission of a client?

Answer 32

Threat to self or others

Has injured self or others

Is making decisions that are harmful to self or others

Question 33

What is the criteria that must be met for the voluntary admission client to leave against medical advice (AMA)?

Answer 33

They must be competent and no danger to self or others