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HE ED 321 > Intervention Evaluation > Flashcards

Intervention Evaluation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 broad types of Intervention Evaluation?

A
  1. Outcome evaluations
  2. Process evaluation
  3. Economic evaluation
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2
Q

Intervention Evaluation:

What is an outcome evaluation?

A

Evaluating if the intervention changed the behaviour it targeted.

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3
Q

Intervention Evaluation:

Key aspects of outcome evaluations:

A
  • Randomized control trials (RCTs)
  • Effect size
  • Drop out rates
  • Consider what the control group received (implications for results)
  • Detailed scientific reporting
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4
Q

Intervention Evaluation:

What is a process evaluation?

A

Evaluating how the intervention worked.

  • If it did, how?
  • If not, why?
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5
Q

Intervention Evaluation:

Key aspects of process evaluations:

A
  • Mechanisms of change; how to measure changes
  • Intervention delivery; management, implementation, fidelity
  • Individual differences
  • Pilot study vs RCT
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6
Q

What does RE-AIM Framework stand for?

A 
R - reach the target population
E - effectiveness//efficacy
A - adoption by target
I - implementation consistency
M - maintenance of intervention
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7
Q

Social causation hypothesis:

A

low SES causes ill-health (more research support for this one)

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8
Q

Social drift hypothesis:

A

ill-health causes low SES

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9
Q

Social network -

A
  • the presence or absence of social ties

- the total number and type of social relationships we have

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10
Q

3 main types of social support:

A
  • Emotional
  • Instrumental
  • Informational
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11
Q

For social support, _______ is key.

A

For social support, QUALITY is key.

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12
Q

This Lazarus’ _____________ Theory:
——————-Reappraisal——————–
Person-Environment transaction —> Cognitive Appraisal (primary//secondary) Coping —> Stress/ Emotion Outcome

A

Lazurus’ TRANSACTIONAL Theory.

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13
Q

Coping is the process of __________ changing _________ and ___________ efforts used to manage ________ external and/or internal _______ that are _________ as ______ or _________ one’s resources.

A

Coping is the process of CONSTANTLY changing COGNITIVE and BEHAVIOURAL efforts used to manage SPECIFIC external and/or internal DEMANDS that are APPRAISED as TAXING or EXCEEDING one’s resources.

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14
Q

________ coping is a coping function, where we _______ try to do something about the ________.

A

APPROACH coping is a coping function, where we ACTIVELY try to do something about the STRESSOR.

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15
Q

_________ coping is a coping function, where we do things to try and get ____ from the ________.

A

AVOIDANCE coping is a coping function, where we do things to try and get AWAY from the STRESSOR.

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16
Q

____-________ coping is where we take ______ steps toward _________ the ______.

A

TASK-ORIENTED coping is where we take DIRECT steps toward MANAGING the DEMAND.

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17
Q

___________-________ coping is where we ______ our _________ elsewhere.

A

DISTRACTION-ORIENTED coping is where we DIRECT our ATTENTION elsewhere.

18
Q

_____________-________ coping is where we do something to ________ from the ________.

A

DISENGAGEMENT-ORIENTED coping is where we do something to withdraw from the stressor.

19
Q

Coping: _______ Appraisal: the individual _________ the potential ____, loss, threat, or ________ imposed by the ________; what’s at _____.

A

Coping: PRIMARY Appraisal: the individual ASSESSING the potential HARM, loss, threat, or CHALLENGE imposed by the STRESSOR; what’s at STAKE.

20
Q

Coping: _________ Appraisal: the individual ________ the coping options and _________ available; what can be ____.

A

Coping: SECONDARY Appraisal: the individual EVALUATES the coping options and RESOURCES available; what can be DONE.

21
Q

Macro-analytical coping = Coping ________.
- Categorizes coping efforts into broad categories that capture the ________ or ____ for the coping.

Examples: _______-focused coping, _______-focused coping, ________ coping.

A

Macro-analytical coping = Coping FUNCTION.
- Categorizes coping efforts into broad categories that capture the FUNCTION or GOAL for the coping.

Examples: PROBLEM-focused coping, EMOTION-focused coping, AVOIDANCE coping.

22
Q

Micro-analytical coping = specific coping __________.
- Categorization according to what _______ is being ____.

Examples: venting, crying, wishful thinking, drinking, dropout, exercising, planning

A

Micro-analytical coping = Specific coping STRATEGIES.
- Categorization according to what EXACTLY is being DONE.

Examples: venting, crying, wishful thinking, drinking, dropout, exercising, planning

23
Q

Sources of Self-Efficacy:

  • _______ experiences; having a successful experience at the task
  • _________ experiences; seeing a similar other succeed
  • ______ persuasion; providing information, encouragement
  • __________ of physiological and _________ states; physiological arousal - harder to change; mental skills
A

Sources of Self-Efficacy:

  • MASTERY experiences; having a successful experience at the task
  • VICARIOUS experiences; seeing a similar other succeed
  • VERBAL persuasion; information, encouragement
  • PERCEPTION of physiological and AFFECTIVE states; physiological arousal - harder to change; mental skills
24
Q

Motivation: Basically, it’s the desire to pursue a ____.

Motivation definition: the ________ processes that produce the _________, strength/_________, and ___________ of a behaviour.

A

Motivation: Basically, it’s the desire to pursue a GOAL.

Motivation definition: the INTERNAL processes that produce the DIRECTION, strength/INTENSITY, and persistence of a behaviour.

25
Q

Motivation components:

_________ of effort - whether an individual seeks out/approaches situations.

A

Motivation components:

DIRECTION of effort - whether an individual seeks out/approaches situations.

26
Q

Motivation components:

_________ of effort - how much effort an individual puts forth in a situation.

A

Motivation components:

INTENSITY of effort - how much effort an individual puts forth in a situation.

27
Q

Motivation components:

___________ - maintaining intensity over a continuous period.

A

Motivation components:

INTENSITY - maintaining intensity over a continuous period.

28
Q

Intervention Evaluation:

What is an Economic evaluation?

A

Evaluating the cost of the intervention for a given degree of effectiveness.

29
Q

Reciprocal Determinism is the _______ and reciprocal interaction of ______, ___________, and _________.

________ factors (cognitive, affective, and biological).
_____________ factors.
_________.

A

Reciprocal Determinism is the DYNAMIC and reciprocal interaction of PERSON, ENVIRONMENT, AND BEHAVIOUR.

PERSONAL factors (cognitive, affective, and biological)
ENVIRONMENTAL factors.
BEHAVIOUR.

30
Q

Self-efficacy is the belief in one’s _______ to successfully _______ or accomplish tasks in a ________ situation to obtain a _______ outcome.

A

Self-efficacy is the belief in one’s ABILITY to successfully PERFORM or accomplish tasks in a SPECIFIC situation to obtain a DESIRED outcome.

31
Q

Implementation intention is an environmental _____ or ___ to ______ to determine when an ______ should be taken.

-it is a specific _____ to remind us.

A

Implementation intention is an environmental PROMPT or CUE to ACTION to determine when an ACTION should be taken.

-it is a specific PROMT to remind us.

32
Q

Gate Control Theory of Pain

  • a ‘gatelike’ mechanism modulates the __________ of pain from ______ impulses.
  • it is based in physiology, but also attempts to explain how __________ can impact the __________ of pain.
A

Gate Control Theory of Pain

  • a ‘gatelike’ mechanism modulates the EXPERIENCE of pain from NEURAL impulses.
  • it is based in physiology, but also attempts to explain how PSYCHOLOGY can impact the PERCEPTION of pain.
33
Q

Gate Control Theory of Pain:

  • “Opening” the gate _________ pain sensations.
  • “Closing” the gate _________ pain sensations.
A

Gate Control Theory of Pain:

  • “Opening” the gate INCREASES pain sensations.
  • “Closing” the gate DECREASES pain sensations.
34
Q

Gate Control Theory of Pain: 2 Pathways

________ Pathway - towards CNS from periphery

________ Pathway - away from CNS to periphery

A

Gate Control Theory of Pain: 2 Pathways

AFFERENT Pathway - towards CNS from periphery

EFFERENT Pathway - away from CNS to periphery

35
Q

Allostatic load is the long-term impact of ______.

A

Allostatic load is the long-term impact of STRESS.

36
Q

Allostatic load:

  • when we encounter a ________ we have a physiological response; allostasis
  • when the ________ is gone, the __________ response ends. If it doesn’t end or is repeated over a prolonged period this is __________ load.
A

Allostatic load:

  • when we encounter a STRESSOR we have a physiological response; allostasis
  • when the STRESSOR is gone, the ALLOSTATIC response ends. If it doesn’t end or is repeated over a prolonged period this is ALLOSTATIC load.
37
Q

Allostatic Load: 4 Types

  1. ________ “hits” - stressor after stressor with normal response (peak) and they go back down but go right back up right away.
    - causes ‘wear and tear’ on the stress response system
A

Allostatic Load: 4 Types

  1. REPEATED “hits” - stressor after stressor with normal response (peak) and they go back down but go right back up right away.
    - causes ‘wear and tear’ on the stress response system
38
Q

Allostatic Load: 4 Types

  1. Lack of __________ - stress response fails to fully recover between ‘hits’ and a person never gets habituated to stressors
    - big stress response every time the stressor is present (varsity athlete example: stress response should go down with experience but is the same as first game they played)
A

Allostatic Load: 4 Types

  1. Lack of ADAPTATION - stress response fails to fully recover between ‘hits’ and a person never gets habituated to stressors

-big stress response every time the stressor is present
(varsity athlete example: stress response should go down with experience but it is the same as first game they played)

39
Q

Allostatic Load: 4 Types

  1. _________ response - the stress response stays continuously on high, long after the stressor is gone.
A

Allostatic Load: 4 Types

  1. PROLONGED response - the stress response stays continuously on high, long after the stressor is gone.
40
Q

Allostatic Load: 4 Types

  1. __________ response - too much stress can result in the inability to respond normally to stress in the future.
A

Allostatic Load: 4 Types

  1. INADEQUATE response - too much stress can result in the inability to respond normally to stress in the future.

HE ED 321 (1 decks)

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