Intervention

Question 1

Schooling

Answer 1

Friedman (2015)

• The consequences of early life socioeconomic adversity can be improved by achieving high levels of schooling later on in life
• However this is not the case for the consequences of childhood physical abuse : Studies have shown that this can be helped with social relationships

Question 2

Social support theory

Answer 2

• Social support: the perception and actuality that one is cared for
• Assistance available from other people
• Part of a supportive social network

Question 3

Stress management interventions: Physiological approaches

Answer 3

• Biofeedback

- Relaxation

Question 4

Progressive Relaxation Training (PRT)

Answer 4

• Awareness of muscle tension by contracting and relaxing individual muscle groups
• No hypnotic syggestion or imagery

However:

• many studies do not describe treatment protocols
• conclusions about treatment effiacy differ

Leher and Woolfolk (1993)

Question 5

Biofeedback

Answer 5

• Psychophysiological assessment resylts are provided
• Facilitate physiological change
• E.g. ashtma, IBS, insomnia
• Electromyography (EMG) biofeedback: helps to assist in muscle relaxation

Question 6

Other

Answer 6

• Cognitive-behavioural stress management
• Massage therapy
• Aerobic exercise
• Acupuncture
• Yoga
• Tai chi

Question 7

What is the most formally defined of health psychology intervention approaches?

Answer 7

Cognitive-behavioural stress management

• behavioural component
• cognitive focus
• relaxation/imagery
• education
• cognitive restructuring
• assesertiveness training
• social support