Intertestamental and New Testament Historical Background Flashcards
Which nation conquered the northern kingdom?
Assyria
Who took control from the Babylonians?
Persians
What period began under the Persians?
Intertestamental Period
What is the name for the Greek culture that had been spreading for some time through Greek trade and colonization?
Hellenization
What 2 parts of the 4 part split kingdom were most important after Alexander the Great’s death?
Ptolemaic and Seleucid
What empire was centered in Egypt with Alexandria as its capitol?
Ptolemaic
What empire was centered in Syria, with Antioch as its capitol?
Seleucid
Greek translation of the Old Testament was called the-
Septuagint
What region was the victim of rivalries between the Ptolemies and Seleucids?
Palestine
Term for Greek culture-
Hellenism
Language shared by many peoples even though their native languages might differ-
Lingua Franca
People of low class and native to a region; here, Romans of low class-
Indigenous proletariat
A succession of rulers belonging to the same family-
Dynasty
The first five books of the Old Testament, traditionally ascribed to Moses: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy
Pentateuch
The Seleucids finally seized Palestine after defeating Eygpt with the leadership of Antiochus III in-
198 B.C.
Two Jewish factions developed:
House of Onias and House of Tobias
The house of Onias was pro-
Egyptian
The house of Tobias was pro-
Syrian
Hellenizer who started making Jerusalem into a Greek-styled city
Jason
Hellenizing Jew who replaced Jason in the Jewish high priesthood because he had offered to collect for Antiochus higher taxes from his subjects in Palestine.
Menelaus
Antiochus’ attempts to annex Egypt _______
Failed
What empire did the Romans not want to grow?
Seleucid empire
Who seized control of Jerusalem from Menelaus?
Jason
Who sent soldiers to:
-Plunder Jerusalem
-Tear down its houses and walls
-Burn the city
-Slaughter Jewish men
-Enslave women and children
-Make it a capital offense to circumcise,
practice the sabbath, celebrate Jewish
festivals, or have copies of the Old
Testament
Antiochus IV
What revolt started with Matthais?
The Maccabean Revolt
