interrelation of photosynthesis and respiration Flashcards
1
Q
What is photosynthesis? (2)
A
- The process by which energy from light is used to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide,
- The energy is stored in glucose until it is released by respiration
2
Q
What is respiration? (2)
A
- Releases energy from glucose,
- Producing carbon dioxide and water
3
Q
How do animals obtain glucose for respiration? (2)
A
- Animals cannot make their own food,
- They obtain glucose by eating plants or other animals
4
Q
Why is energy important for biological processes? (2)
A
- Energy is required for processes like photosynthesis, active transport, DNA replication, cell division, and protein synthesis,
- Without energy, these processes would stop, and the organism would die
5
Q
What are some similarities between photosynthesis and respiration? (4)
A
- Both involve the transfer of energy,
- Both use and produce ATP,
- Both involve redox reactions using coenzymes,
- Both processes are controlled by enzymes
6
Q
How is ATP produced in both photosynthesis and respiration? (2)
A
- By the flow of electrons down the electron transport chain,
- Which creates a proton gradient that drives ATP synthase
7
Q
Why do plants need to produce ATP through both photosynthesis and respiration? (5)
A
- Photosynthesis cannot occur in the dark, so no ATP is produced,
- Some tissues cannot photosynthesise and do not produce ATP this way,
- ATP cannot be moved between cells or stored,
- Plants use more ATP than photosynthesis produces,
- ATP is needed for active transport and synthesis of molecules
8
Q
What is a coenzyme, and how does it function in photosynthesis and respiration? (3)
A
- A coenzyme is a molecule that aids the function of an enzyme by transferring a chemical group,
- In photosynthesis, NADP transfers hydrogen between molecules, reducing or oxidising them,
- In respiration, NAD, FAD, and coenzyme A transfer hydrogen or acetate between molecules
