interpret blood results Flashcards
What do reactive changes look like on a blood test?
Thrombocytosis + neutrophilia + monocytosis
What does the term “rouleaux” mean?
aggregations of red blood cells
A female with a history of Graves’ disease presents with a megaloblastic anaemia
pernicious anaemia
What does the bone marrow look like in B12/folate deficiency?
hypercellular
Why is there jaundice in pernicious anaemia?
B12 deficiency causes premature red cell destruction in the marrow. This results in excess bilirubin production.
Give 2 causes of neutrophilia
smoking
steroids
When do we see rouleaux?
Seen in myeloma, acute/chronic infection, connective tissue disease, chronic liver disease
What tests confirms patient is haemolysing?
reticulocyte count
Confirm diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis
EMA binding test
treat hereditary spherocytosis
splenectomy in anaemic children who aren’t growing
folic acid in adults
Why are people with HS of short stature?
chronic marrow hyperplasia
Reticulocytes + red cell fragments after a valve replacement
microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)
When do we see MAHA?
DIC
obstetric emergency
mechanical valve
In which condition would you see
a) Smudge/smear cells?
b) Reed-Sternberg cells?
c) Rouleaux formation?
d) Auer rods?
e) Pseudo Pelger-Huet?
a) CLL
b) Hodgkin’s lymphoma
c) multiple myeloma
d) AML
e) CML
when do you see target cells and howell-jolly bodies?
hyposplenism eg. post-splenectomy, sickle cell
When are Heinz bodies seen?
G6PD deficiency due to oxidative damage to rbcs
What is a Howell-Jolly body?
a rbc with nuclear remnants
When are tear drop cells seen?
thalassaemia, megaloblastic anaemia and myelofibrosis.
An 18 year old man with fatigue and a family history of a haemolytic disorder has a blood count performed with the results as follows: Haemoglobin 82g/L, MCV 94 fl, white cell count 5.9 x 109/l, neutrophil count 3.2 x 109/l and platelet count 170 x 109/l. Blood film shows polychromasia and red cells with loss of central pallor.
hereditary spherocytosis
cell with loss of central pallor
spherocyte
decribe a monocyte
horse-shoe shaped nucleus
what is a thrombocyte?
a platelet
Which cells does a myeloid progenitor form?
megakaryocytes
rbcs
myeloblasts
mast cells
Which cells form from megakaryocytes?
platelets
Which cells form from myeloblasts?
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
What cells form from the lymphoid progenitor?
lymphoid cells eg B cells and T cells
