Interpersonal Communications Test 2 Flashcards
Which of the following are metaphors that make up the American understanding of the self and how it is communicated?
Selves are lights.
Bodies are leaky containers.
Which of the following do Americans believe are characteristic of true selves?
They are unique.
They develop in a consistent way.
They are located in the heart.
Which of the following do Americans consider to be authentic selves (part 2)?
Those who are under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
Those under a lot of stress.
Those who are untrained.
Which of the following do Americans consider to be authentic selves (part 1)?
Rebels
Those who swear a lot
The intellectually challenged.
According to American culture, which of the following types of persons may mask themselves?
Those who want to manipulate others.
Those who do not want to be fired from their jobs.
Those who are immoral.
Based on American cultural beliefs, you should be able to see a person’s complete self in one glance.
True
According to American culture, people who mask may suffer from psychic pain and guilt.
True
Americans believe that there are certain kinds of people who are more likely to mask themselves than others.
True
Which of the following are types of signals that we use to present our identities to others?
Appearance signals
Manner signals
Setting signals
Just being present somewhere is a signal of your identity.
True
We can always dramatize the identity we want to.
False
Those aspects of a person’s front that are produced in a purely unconscious fashion are intentionally produced
True
Which of the following is true?
Our unconscious mind strategizes.
Sometimes it is strategic to produce a negative identity.
Sometimes people fake that they are unconsciously producing an identity.
Which of the following are true?
a. We sometimes change our identities depending on the situation, in order to be strategic.
b. We sometimes change our identities depending on who we are interacting with, in order to be strategic.
c. We sometimes change our identities depending on the situation, in order to be ritualistically appropriate.
People both produce signals and hide signals in order to produce an identity.
True
Sometimes we ritualistically produce an identity.
True
Which of the following are methods people use to appear to have only one true self?
a. Audience segregation
b.
Production of Selective Autobiographies
A “false self” is simply a self that is inconsistent with some other self a person displays, or a self that the person has no right to display.
True
Which of the following are explicit rules that govern people’s behavior in American culture?
a. Be spontaneous.
b. Be natural.
c. Be expressive.
Audience segregation is a way of satisfying American culture’s explicit expectation of consistent behavior and its implicit expectation that we act in a way that is appropriate to the specific situation we are in.
True
American culture explicitly requires that its members act in certain ways, like being natural or being spontaneous. These are moral requirements — i.e., Americans will be upset if a fellow member of their culture does not at least appear to behave in these ways.
True
Goffman suggests that in order to be considered a competent member of society, you have to act according to your society’s implicit expectations of behavior as well as appear to act according to its explicit expectations.
True
