Internet Functionality

Question 1

How does the internet work?

Answer 1

1) DNS (Telefonbuch) gives the IP addresses of the servers of the website one s requesting

2) The browser retrieves the text files to load the page

Question 2

What is meant by the term Internet Backbone?

Answer 2

Highperformance core areas in the network that interconnect subnets underneath and thus make global data exchange possible. For transmission mainly fiber optics are used, but also connections via satellite.

Question 3

Based on how the internet is setup (backbone), name 3 possibilities how website loading performance can be improved

Answer 3

1. Location of the server (the closer ones are reached faster)
2. How many hops are needed (the less hops are needed the faster)
3. File size (the smaller the files the faster)

Question 4

What is meant by the terms Frontend and Backend?

Answer 4

Frontend of websites and web apps> the visible part users see when interacting with the site or app. It s coded in e.g. html, css, javascript and React

Backend of websited and web apps >
The invisible part that is needed to make the website or app run on the server. It mainly contains servers and data bases. Server programming languages are e.g. javascript, node.js, express.js, as well as e.g. PostgreSQL for data bases

Question 5

Who invented the internet?
What else do you know about the history?

Answer 5

World Wide Web was invented by Sir Tim Berners Lee in 1989

It started with the ARPANET (1969) that connected some universities
Problem back then: needed a way to share documents, it was really hard for computers to talk to each other

WWW is basically a common language/ protocal that enables the sharing of documents

Tim Berners Lee created the first server and browser&raquo_space; 1991

Question 6

What does html, css, and java script help with?
How can it be adjusted locally e.g. on the Chrome browser?

Answer 6

Html:
HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the basic scripting language used by web browsers to render pages on the world wide web. HyperText allows a user to click a link and be redirected to a new page referenced by that link.
Adjustable under Elements in the Chrome browser

Css:
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language such as HTML or XML.
Adjustable under Elements > Styles in Chrome browser

Javascript:
JavaScript is a high-level programming language that follows the ECMAScript standard. JavaScript is usually found running in a web browser as interactive or automated content, ranging from popup messages and live clocks to large web applications.
Adjustable under Console in Chrome browser