Internet and WWW Flashcards
Difference between Internet and WWW? (1 mark)
World Wide Web is a collection of web pages and websites
Internet is an interconnected network for devices to communicate with each other
What is an URL ( 2 marks)
- Uniform resource locator
- It’s an unique address given to resources for identify the location of it on the Internet
What is the URL made up of ( 5 marks)
Protocol : HTTP, HTTPS
host : www.
Domain name: example.org
Location: note-taking/template
File name: /index.html
==> http//www.example.org/note-taking/template/index.html
What is a protocol? (1 mark)
- It’s a set of rules that allows devices to communicate with each other
How does HTTP or HTTPS works (3 marks)
- It allows data to be sent between client and users
- However, HTTP send the data in plain text ==> easy to be understood by hackers so HTTPS is a more secure version.
- HTTPS uses SSL (secure socket layer) and TLS (transport layer security)
How does SSL and TLS works? (1 mark)
- Secure socket layer and transport layer security use a combination of asymmetric and symmetrical encryption.
Define web browser (1 mark)
Render HTML and display web pages
Other functions of web browsers ( 5 marks)
- Cookies
- Bookmarks
- Render HTML
- Record user history
- Navigational tools
- Address bars
Describe how a web page is accessed and located ? (5 marks)
- When an URL is typed in, it will be sent to the DNS (domain name system) via HTTP/HTTPS
- The DNS will find the web page IP address and send back to the browser
- The web browser will sent request access to the web page of the web server.
- The security certificated are exchanged
- The web browser will render the web pages and HTML
What are the two types of cookies ( 2 marks)
Session and persistent cookies
Purposes of the two types of cookies ( 6 marks)
Session cookies:
+ shopping cart list
+ Display adverts
+ Personal information
Persistent cookies:
+ login details
+ User preferences
+ pages that the users have already visited
What is digital currency ( 2 marks)
Exists in digital forms and doesn’t go through central banks
What does a blockchain contain ? ( 5 marks)
- Hash value
- Previous hash value
- Sequence number
- Transaction data
- Timestamp
How does blockchain work? (4 marks)
- Blockchain a digital ledger ==> record at every timestamp
- Each block will have its own hash value( a unique number by an algorithm given to each block) and the hash value of the previous block.
- So if the hash value is changed in any block, it will affect the whole blockchain and the whole blockchain will need to be recalcuated.
- The copy of the blockchain is sent to everyone for authencity.
Define brute-force attack (1 mark)
- Trying every combinations of the passwords manually or using a program until getting access into user’s accounts