Internet Flashcards
What are packets?
A chunk of data and its metadata used to route and reassemble information on the Internet.
What is the Internet Protocol?
Rules for addressing and routing data across the internet by assigning unique numbers to each connected device
What is the role of the UDP
The UDP (User Datagram Protocol) sends all packets without checking whether they were received or ordered properly (missing packets) to save time needed to retransmit missing pasckets.
What does the TCP do?
The TCP takes inventory of all packets in the data stream to ensure they are successfully sent and received. If not it asks the sender to resend the packet.
What is the role of a DNS (Domain Naming System)
The DNS associates names like www.example.com with the corresponding address
What is redundancy? What are the benefits and issues of redundancy?
If a system fails a different path can be used to send data from sender to receiver. So redundancy is the inclusion of extra paths that mitigate the failure of a system if other components fail.
Benefits: It has different devices for backups if there is a failure of one device that might take down an entire network
Issues: When a redundant link or device is down, it needs to be detected and repaired before the backup connection also dies.
What is fault tolerance?
When a system fails, it allows users to continue to use the network
What is the purpose of transitioning from IPv4 to IPv6?
a) IPv4 is too slow to be used for modern communication
b) It is easier to spoof an IPv4 address, compared to IPv6
c) IPv4 has been found to be too insecure for modern communication
d) The rise of internet-connected devices means that the number of available unique IPv4 addresses is sharply decreasing, and IPv6 will allow for more addresses
d) The rise of internet-connected devices means that the number of available unique IPv4 addresses is sharply decreasing, and IPv6 will allow for more addresses.
**Now IPv6 utilizes 128 bits per address and holds 2^128 IP addresses since 2^32 (4 billion not enough from IPv4)
What is the bandwidth of a computer?
It is the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a certain amount of time
Where is the sender and receiver’s address found?
In the header of a packet.
What is routing?
Process of finding a path to send and receive data
What are examples of computing devices? What are computing devices
Examples: calculator, printer, camera, smartphone, computer.
It is a physical artifact that can input, process, and output data or information. Input: keyboard, mouse, Output: monitor, printer.
What is the scalability of the system?
The capacity of a system to change the size and scale to meet standards.
When is appropriate to use the User Domain System compared to Transmission Control Protocol?
UDP can be used when the speed data transfer is more important than the error correction.
What guards the paths of the packets
Routers
