International relations chap 3 Flashcards
Chap 3 Liberal and Social Theories
Post cold war era
Most of the wars that flared up the Cold war era ended such as in Bosnia,Kosovo,Algeria,Rwanda, Burundi and Uganda. In 2018, the world’s most destructive war was in Syria, where a rebellion and the government brutal suppresion of it have cost of 200 000 lives over seven years.The war spread into neighboring Iraq, where millitants captured significant part of their territory, then lost it to a gov offensive and Kurdish fighters. In yemen,estimates are that over 10 000 have been killed in what has developed into a proxy war between Iran and Saudi Arabia. A deadly civil conflict continues in Ukrain,where its millitary fights pro Russian separatists. and threatens political relations between Europe and Russia.
Kant and Peace
He gave explanations about how peace and cooperation are possible. He gave 3 answers.1)States can develop an world federation such as the actual UN that could develop rules that can facilitate cooperation.This answer was based on the reciprocity principle.2)He stated that peace depends on the internal character of governments.Republics that can hold the monarch in check will be more peaceful than autocracies.3)Trade promotes peace since by promoting wealth,cooperation and global well being can make conflict less likely.
Interdependence
The mutual dependence between states economically and politically.
Neoliberal
An approach that concedes to realism important assumptions such as that states are unitary actors rationally pursuing their self interests in a system of anarchy.However they believe that international institutions are important in order to facilitate the process of seeking mutual gains and reductions of possible cheting, in other words for them seeking long term benefits is morerational than maximizing short term gains.
International Regime
Is a set of rules, norms and procedures around which the expectations of actors converge around a certain issue area(arms control,international trade,etc)
Collective Security
The formation of a broad alliance of most major actors in an international system for the purpose of jointly opposing aggression.
Democratic Peace
The proposition,strongly supported by empirical evidence, that democracies never fight wars against each others.Although they might fight wars against authoritarian states.
Interest groups
Are coalitions of people who share a common interest in the outcome of some political issues and which tries to organize themselves to influence that outcome.
Public opinion
The range points of view on foreign policy issues held by citizens of a state.
Rally round the flag syndrome
The public’s increased support for governement leaders during a wartime, at least in the short term.
Foreign Policy Process
How policies are arrived at and implemented.
A common starting point for studying the decision making is the “rational model”.
It is a model in which decision makers calculate the costs and benefits of each possible course of action, then choose the one with highest benefits and lowest costs.
Organizational process model
It is an alternative to the rational process model . In this decision making model policy makers rely larguely on standardized responses.
Government bargaining model
A model that sees foreign policy decisions as flowing from a bargaining process among various government agencies that have somehwat divergent interests in the outcome.
Misperceptions and selective perception
The mistaken processing of the available information about a decision; could be presented as affected and cognitive bias in which individual decision making differs from the rational model.
Information screens
The subconscious filters through which people put the information coming in around the world around them
Optimizing
Picking the very best option;contrasts with satisficing or finding a satisfactory
Satisficing
The act of finding a satisfactory or good enough solution to a problem.
Prospect theory
A decision making theory that holds that option are assesed by comparison to a reference point.
Groupthink
The tendency of groups to reach decisions without accurately assessing their consequences because individual members tend to go along with ideas they think others support.
Constructivism
A movement in IR theory that examines how changing international norms and actors identities help shape the content of state interests.
