International Relations

Question 1

Who were the big three?

Answer 1

David Lloyd George (Britain), George Clemenceau (France) and Woodrow Wilson (USA).

Question 2

What were Lloyd George’s aims of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 2

He wanted Germany to suffer but also wanted to rebuild Britain and its trade.

Question 3

What were Clemenceau’s aims of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 3

He wanted future security for France from any German attack and wanted Germany to be blamed and severely punished.

Question 4

What were Wilson’s aims of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 4

He wanted a peace treaty that would be fair and wanted Germany to be punished but not humiliated.

Question 5

What does ‘GARGLe’ stand for?

Answer 5

G- guilt cause (Article 231)
A- army
R- reparations
G- Germany lost land (13% land lost, 12% population lost-Alsace Lorraine)
L- League of Nations (Germany not allowed to join)
E- extra point (Germany and Austria not allies)

Question 6

What impact did the treaty have on Germany?

Answer 6

Germany felt it was unfair (blamed for war, wasn’t their fault), were promised self-determination (from Wilson) but forced to give up their colonies and to disarm. Lost £6.6 billion in reparations.

Question 7

What is nationalism?

Answer 7

When a country only really cares about themselves.

Question 8

What is internationalism?

Answer 8

When countries help one another and work together.

Question 9

Why was the League of Nations weak?

Answer 9

America never joined.
They didn’t have an army.
Votes had to be unanimous (slow).
Corfu Crisis (League was set up to help that sort of thing but failed in doing so).
No major progress with international cooperations and disarmament.

Question 10

What were some of the League of Nations’ successes?

Answer 10

Refugees (1922)- set up camps and fed Turkish refugees.
Slaves- freed 200,000 slaves.
Disease- worked to find cures for Leprosy and Malaria.

Question 11

What happened in the Aaland Islands in 1921?

Answer 11

Finland and Sweden were fighting over the Aaland Islands but the league stopped the dispute.
It prevented war.
Finland got Aaland Islands

Question 12

What happened at the Corfu dispute in 1923?

Answer 12

Italian General was killed on Greek territory, Mussolini used it as an excuse to capture Corfu.
League decided Greece should apologise and pay sanctions to Italy.

Question 13

What was the Dawes Plan in 1924?

Answer 13

It ‘opened doors’ for Germany. America lent money to Germany.

Question 14

What was the Young Plan in 1929?

Answer 14

Germany’s amount of reparations were reduced.

Question 15

What was the Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)?

Answer 15

65 countries agreed to not go to war.

Question 16

What happened in Manchuria, Japan (1931)?

Answer 16

Japan decide to increase their Empire.
Japan claimed Chinese soldiers had sabotaged the railway so invaded Manchuria.
China appealed to League for help.
Took over a year to write a report on this, Japan are in the wrong.
League tell Japan to withdraw.
League vote, 42-1 (1=Japan).
Japan leave League and invade more of China.

Question 17

What happened in Abyssinia (1934)?

Answer 17

Mussolini prepares his troops to invade Abyssinia at the Wal Wal Oasis (dispute taking place).
Britain and France were trying to stay on good terms with M to protect themselves.
Britain, France and M agree the Hoare-Laval Pact (Italy get 2/3 of Abyssinia for support against Hitler). It was leaked in press- humiliated B and F.
Italy defied League’s orders and took full control over Abyssinia.