International Health Flashcards
How is TB treated?
Rifater and Ethambutol for the first 2 months.
Rifinah for the next 4 months.
what is rifater?
Rifampicin, Isonizid and Pyrazinamide
side effects liver toxicity and visial acuity, fields and colour blindness.
symptoms of TB
fever, sweats, chest pain, haemoptysis, erythema nodosum, plural effusion, phlyctenular conjunctivitis ( redness with a bleb), chachexia, clubbing, crepitations.
investigations for TB
acid fact bacillus staining. PCR, `broncoscopy, pleural aspiration, mediastinoscopy
if latent - Mantoux test.
how does rifampicin work?
inhibits bacterial DNA dependent RNA polymerase
how does Isoniazid work?
prevents synthesis of mycolic acid - cell wall component.
how does ethambutol work?
inhibits arabinan production - cell wall component.
red blood cells require Vit B12 and folate, deficiency leads to…
large red blood cells, flimsy membrane, irregular shape therefore half the life of a normal red blood cell - macrocytic anaemia.
the ilium failing to absorb vit b 12 from loss of parietal cells ( intrinsic factor) is called
pernicious anaemia
what is G6PD deficiency?
low glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase is involved in reducing oxidative damage. this is an Xlinked recessive disease predisposing to hemolysis and resultant jaundice in response to a number of triggers ( foods illness, medications)
