International Development MTR Flashcards
Define Development
The level of growth and improvement of a country, usually through income and wealth
What other 4 ways can a country develop?
Socially, environmentally, culturally and politically
What is a LIC?
A low income country. These have a GNI per capita of $1045 or less
Give an example of a low income country
Kenya or Bangladesh
What is a HIC
A high income country. These have a GNI per capita of $12746 or above
Give an example of a HIC
England or the USA
What is a NEE?
A newly emerging economy. These have a GNI per capita of between $1045 and $12746.
What is BRICS?
Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa which are a group of NEEs
What are the features of a HIC?
Clean water, access to education for all children, no extreme poverty and equality between all genders and races etc.
What are the features of a LIC?
Little clean water, children may go to school for a little time or not at all, many in extreme poverty and women have very little choice compared to men and often marry young
What are development indicators?
Indicators of how developed a country may be compared to other countries
What are 12 development indicators?
Life expectancy, Birth rate, Death rate, % of adult literacy, GNI per capita, Infant mortality rate, Population growth, Population per doctor, % of children who go to school, % in agriculture, Calories consumed per person, per day and HDI (Human development index)
What is PPP?
Purchasing power parity. It means that the GNI per capita has been adjusted to account for what that money can buy in different countries.
What is GDP?
Gross domestic product is the total value of all goods and services provided produced in a country per year (basically what everyone earns in a year).
What currency is GDP given in?
International dollars ($)
Why might a high literacy rate in a country lead to a higher life expectancy?
Higher literacy rate means better jobs may be available so they can afford higher quality goods and medical care so their life expectancy will be longer.
Why might a higher birth rate lead to a lower life expectancy?
Higher birth rate means less job opportunities, meaning people earn less money and can’t afford high-quality food and healthcare. Therefore, life expectancy could be lower
Why might there be a low life expectancy in Zimbabwe?
The government’s decision to redistribute the white people’s farms to people who may not have the necessary skills to produce flourishing crops and livestock. This led close to famine across the country.
Which three countries border Malawi?
Tanzania, Zambia and Mosambique
What percentage of people in Malawi are farmers?
90%
What is the life expectancy in Malawi?
55
What year did Malawi gain freedom from the British?
1964
Is Malawi a HIC, NEE or LIC?
LIC
What is the capital of Singapore?
Singapore
