International bodies

Question 1

History of UN Foundation?

Answer 1

• 1899: INternational Peace Conference, The Hague to elaborate instruments for settling crises peacefully, preventing wars and codifying rules of warfare.
  
  • It adopted the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes and established the Permanent Court of Arbitration, which began work in 1902. This court was the forerunner of UN International Court of Justice.
• 1919: League of Nations under the Treaty of Versailles
  
  • ILO was also created in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League.
• name “United Nations”, coined by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
• A document called The Declaration by United Nations was signed in 1942 by 26 nations, pledging their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis Powers
• United Nations Conference on International Organization (1945): Conference held in San Francisco (USA), was attended by representatives of 50 countries and signed the United Nations Charter.

Question 2

Main organs of UN?

Answer 2

1. UNGA
2. UNSC
3. ECOSOC
4. the Trusteeship council
5. ICJ
6. UN Secratariat

Question 3

UNGA: composition?

Answer 3

All 193 Member States of the UN, making it the only UN body with universal representation.

Decisions on important questions, such as those on peace and security, admission of new members and budgetary matters, require a two-thirds majority of the General Assembly.

Decisions on other questions are by simple majority.

Question 4

UNGA President?

Answer 4

President of the General Assembly is elected each year by assembly to serve a one-year term of office

Question 5

Committees of UNGA?

Answer 5

6 main committees: Committee on

1. Disarmament and International Security
2. Econ and Fin
3. Social, HUmanitarian and Cultural
4. Special political and Decolonization
5. Administrative and Budgetary

Question 6

ECOSOC?

Answer 6

1. principal body for coordination, policy review, policy dialogue and recommendations on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as implementation of internationally agreed development goals.
2. 54 Members, elected by the General Assembly for overlapping three-year terms.
3. UN’s central platform for reflection, debate, and innovative thinking on sustainable development.
4. It coordinates the work of the 14 UN specialized agencies : ILO, FAO, UNESCO, WHO, WB Grp, IMF, ICAO, IMO, ITU, UPU, WMO, WIPO, IFAD, UNIDO and WTO
5. other UN bodies (non-specialized) within ECOSOC’s perview: ESCAP, UNICEF, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNEP, UNHCR, UNFPRA, UN-Habitat and World Food Programme

Question 7

Trusteeship Council?

Answer 7

1. Trusteeship Council
2. Trust territory is a non-self-governing territory placed under an administrative authority by the Trusteeship Council of the United Nations.
3. successors of the remaining League of Nations mandates (a legal status for certain territories transferred from the control of one country to another following World War I)
4. It had to provide international supervision for 11 Trust Territories that had been placed under the administration of seven Member States, and ensure that adequate steps were taken to prepare the Territories for self-government and independence.
5. By 1994, all Trust Territories had attained self-government or independence. The Trusteeship Council suspended operation on 1 November 1994.