Internal Structure Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the internal structure of a heart composed of?
The heart is composed of four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.
What is the function of the atria in the heart?
The atria receive blood from the veins and pump it into the ventricles.
What is the function of the ventricles in the heart?
The ventricles pump blood out of the heart to the rest of the body.
What separates the atria and ventricles in the heart?
The atrioventricular valves, such as the mitral and tricuspid valves, separate the atria and ventricles.
What is the purpose of the semilunar valves in the heart?
The semilunar valves, such as the aortic and pulmonary valves, prevent blood from flowing back into the heart after it has been pumped out.
What is the function of the septum in the heart?
The septum divides the left and right sides of the heart to prevent oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood from mixing.
What are the coronary arteries responsible for?
The coronary arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle itself.
What are the main components of blood vessels in the heart?
The main components of blood vessels in the heart are arteries, veins, and capillaries.
What is the purpose of the coronary sinus in the heart?
The coronary sinus collects deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle and returns it to the right atrium.
What is the cardiac conduction system responsible for in the heart?
The cardiac conduction system controls the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat.
What is the role of the sinoatrial node (SA node) in the heart?
The SA node is the heart’s natural pacemaker, initiating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat.
What is the function of the atrioventricular node (AV node) in the heart?
The AV node delays the electrical impulses to allow the atria to contract before the ventricles.
What is the significance of the Purkinje fibers in the heart?
The Purkinje fibers rapidly conduct the electrical impulses to the ventricles, causing them to contract.
What is the purpose of the bundle of His in the heart?
The bundle of His conducts the electrical impulses from the AV node to the Purkinje fibers.
What is the main function of the heart?
The main function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products.
What is the cardiac cycle in the heart?
The cardiac cycle is the sequence of events that occur during one heartbeat, including contraction and relaxation of the heart chambers.
What is the significance of the heart valves in the heart?
The heart valves ensure that blood flows in one direction through the heart, preventing backflow.
What is the role of the papillary muscles in the heart?
The papillary muscles contract to prevent the atrioventricular valves from prolapsing during ventricular contraction.
Why is the heart considered a double pump?
The heart is considered a double pump because it pumps blood to the lungs for oxygenation (pulmonary circulation) and to the rest of the body (systemic circulation).
What is the function of the chordae tendineae in the heart?
The chordae tendineae anchor the atrioventricular valves to the papillary muscles to prevent them from inverting during ventricular contraction.
