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Equine Parasites > Internal Parasites > Flashcards

Internal Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

What issues do internal parasites cause in horses

A

Gastrointestinal lesions, oral lesions, liver damage, stomach and intestinal lining issues, telescoping intestines, impactions, colic

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2
Q

What are the largest concerns in adult horses

A

Small strongyles and tapeworms

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3
Q

Ascarids are most likely to be found where?

A

In foals and weanlings

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4
Q

What are the three species of large strongyles that affect horses.

A

Strongyles vulgaris, strongylus edentates, and strongylus equinus

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5
Q

How do horses get large strongyles?

A

By ingesting them in the mouth while the horse grazes.

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6
Q

What does strongylus vulgaris do once ingested?

A

Migrate to the large intestine and they can then migrate to the blood vessels and burrow through the walls of arteries and disrupt blood flow.

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7
Q

S. Vulgaris is aka

A

Blood worms

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8
Q

What is the most damaging type of large strongyle

A

S. Vulgaris

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9
Q

What do S. Edentates and S. Equinus do once they are ingested?

A

Migrate from the digestive tract to the liver and back to the large intestines

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10
Q

Currently large strongyles are not a large concern for domestic horses because…

A

Treatment strategies from decades ago substantially reduced their presence

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11
Q

Small strongyles aka

A

Cyathostomes

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12
Q

How is the life cycle of the small strongyle similar to the large strongyle

A

They are found on pasture grasses, ingested as larvae, and the. Move through the digestive system.

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13
Q

Once the small strongyle reach large intestine…

A

They do not migrate to other organs and tissues

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14
Q

What is unique about small strongyles

A

They often burrow into the walls of the large colon and cecum, becoming encysted

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15
Q

What makes management of small strongyles difficult?

A

While encysted they can remain in the body for up to 2 years and are not affected by most dewormer treatments

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16
Q

Small strongyles wait until conditions are ideal and then…

A

Emerge from intestinal wall to mature and produce eggs.

17
Q

What is the scientific names of ascarids? Aka…

A

Parascaris equorum…round worms

18
Q

What type of horses do ascarids most commonly affect?

A

Younger foals and weanlings(most horses develope immunity by the time they are yearlings)

19
Q

Name three surfaces ascarids are found on.

A

Pasture grass, buckets, troughs, and a mare’s udders

20
Q

What happens to ascarids once they are ingested?

A

1)they develop into larvae in the small intestine
2)the hatched larvae migrate through tissues moving from liver to the lungs
3) the parasites are coughed up swallowed and migrated back to the SI for maturation

21
Q

What is the most common species of tape worms found in horses?

A

Anoplocephala perfoliata

22
Q

What makes tape worms unique?

A

They have 2 hosts in their life cycle the first is the probated mite and the second is the horse

23
Q

Horses consume the tape worm carrieing mites…

A

While grazing

24
Q

After injestion the the mites release the tapeworms in the…

A

Small intestine

25
Q

Once in the ileocecal junction what do the tapeworms do?

A

Attach to the guy wall and may cause inflammation of the DT
Along with colic obstruction ulceration or thickening of the intestines

26
Q

What is the scientific name for pinworms?

A

Oxyruris equi

27
Q

What do pin worms do

A

Cause irritation around the anus and induce hair loss from scratching

28
Q

What is unique about pinworms?

A

They do not cause much internal damage.

29
Q

What makes bits unique?

A

They are both internal and external parasites

30
Q

What is the most common species of bot fly?

A

Gasterophilius intestinalis

31
Q

What stimulates bot eggs to hatch?

A

Horse saliva

32
Q

Bot eggs burrow in a horses gums for

A

About 4 weeks

33
Q

How long do bots stay in the stomach lining?

A

9 months and then are passed through manure

34
Q

What is the scientific name for thread worms?

A

Strongyloides westeri

35
Q

What are the three ways foals become infected by threadworms

A
  1. Through mare milk
  2. By the larvae penetrating the foal’s skin
  3. From the environment
36
Q

Infestation of thread worms can cause

A

Diarrhea and dehydration

Equine Parasites (1 decks)

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