Internal Energy And Energy Transfers

Question 1

What is the internal energy of a substance?

Answer 1

The energy stored by the particles.

The sum of the total kinetic and potential energies that make up the system.

Question 2

How does heating affect the energy of a substance?

Answer 2

Heating transfers energy to the substance.

It increases the energy of the particles that make up the substance.

Question 3

What two things can heating a substance do?

Answer 3

Raise its temperature.

Change the state of a substance.

Question 4

What three factors determine the temperature change of a system?

Answer 4

Mass of a substance being heated.
Types of material.
Energy inputted into the system.

Question 5

State the equation used to calculate the temperature change when a substance is heated. Give appropriate units.

Answer 5

Q = C * M * T
Q - energy
C - specific heat
M - mass 
T - temperature

Question 6

Define specific heat capacity

Answer 6

The amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree.

Question 7

Describe how the internal energy and temperature of a substance changes when a change of state occurs

Answer 7

The internal energy of the substance will be increased or decreased.
The temperature of the substance will remain constant.

Question 8

Define specific latent heat.

Answer 8

The amount of energy needed to change the state of 1kg of a substance with no change in temperature.

Question 9

State the equation for the energy required to change states. Give appropriate units.

Answer 9

Energy to change state = mass * specific latent heat

Question 10

What is the specific latent heat of fusion?

Answer 10

The energy required to change 1kg of a substance from solid state to liquid state without a change in temperature.

Question 11

What is the specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 11

The energy required to change 1kg of a substance from liquid state to gas state without a change in temperature.