Internal Anatomy of CNS Flashcards

1
Q

T/F.. Cutting a motor nerve axon anywhere along it’s axon will have the same clinical presentation.

A

TRUE

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2
Q

What do Nissil stains stain for?

A

Nerve cells, the nucleic acid will turn dark/blue. Highest in GRAY matter.

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3
Q

What do Weigert stains stain for?

A

Lipids, will turn dark. Highest in WHITE matter.

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4
Q

The 3 regions of white matter (dorsal, lateral, ventral) are referred to as?

A

Funiculi

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5
Q

What separates the Dorsal and Lateral Funiculi?

A

Gray matter

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6
Q

Each funiculi are made up smaller units of specific fiber tracts called:

A

Fasciculi

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7
Q

3 spinal cerebellar tracts live in the Lateral Funiculi, which ones carry Ascending information? and which carry descending?

A
Ascending = Dorsal + Ventral
Descending = Lateral
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8
Q

What are the 3 areas of Gray matter? and what are their general functions?

A
Dorsal = Sensory
Intermediate = Important for ANS
Ventral = Motor
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9
Q

The gray matter are further divided into 10 regions known as the:

A

LAMINA of REXED

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10
Q

Which lamina are in the Dorsal horn of gray matter?

A

L1-L6

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11
Q

Which lamina are in the Intermediate zone of gray matter?

A

L7 and L10

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12
Q

Which lamina are in the Ventral horn of gray matter?

A

L8-L9

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13
Q

The close proximity of what 3 features seen on cross-section will tell you that you’re in the Medulla?

A

Pyramid, Inferior Olivary Nucleus, Medial Lemniscus.

Seen in both caudal and rostral medulla

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14
Q

T/F. You can see the 3 distinctive features of the medulla in the Pyramidal Decussation.

A

FALSE! They are no longer apparent, that’s how you know you’re in that “transition region” and moving into the cervical cord

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15
Q

Neurons in the Left-sided motor cortex will end up controlling the right or left side of the body?

A

RIGHT! Axons cross over at the Pyramidal Decussation

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16
Q

On a cross section of the Pons you see a HUGE dark fiber tract surrounding the 4th ventricle, what is that called?

A

Middle Cerebellar Peduncle

17
Q

Unlike in the medulla, where the Coricospinal tract was on the surface in the pyramids, in the Pons where will we see it?

A

Deeper, looks like a perfect dark circle

18
Q

What do we expect to happen to the space for the 4th ventricle to do as we move into the Midbrain?

A

narrows

19
Q

What is the structure that allows communication between the 3rd and 4th ventricle?

A

Cerebral Aqueduct

20
Q

Name of the nucleus that surrounds the Cerebral Aqueduct?

A

Periaqueductal Gray

21
Q

How do you know if we’re in the CAUDAL MIDBRAIN vs the Rostal?

A
  1. Inferior Colliculi
  2. “wineglass” shaped fiber tract below inferior colliculi
  3. Fiber tract below the Periaqueductal gray that is a continuation of the superior cerebellar pedicles
22
Q

How do you know if we’re in the ROSTAL MIDBRAIN vs the Caudal?

A
  1. Superior Colliculi
  2. 2 Big spherical “RED nuclei”
  3. HUGE fiber tract of Crus Cerebri surround interpedicular fossa
23
Q

In the brain, Axons cross the midline at the:

A

Corpus Callosum (majority) + Anterior Commisure

24
Q

What are the 3 main nuclei in the brain?

A

Caudate, Putamen, Thalamus

25
Q

What is the major fiber tract that runs between the nuclei?

A

INTERNAL CAPSULE

26
Q

What limb of the Internal Capsule separates the Caudate and Putamen nuclei?

A

ANTERIOR

27
Q

What limb of the Internal Capsule separates the Putamen and Thalamus nuclei?

A

POSTERIOR

28
Q

What is the name of the bend in the internal capsule between the anterior and posterior limbs?

A

GENU

29
Q

What area of the brain is prone to Hemorrhagic STROKES?

A

Internal Capsule

30
Q

Where the Caudate Nuclei lie in comparison to the Lateral ventricle?

A

Lateral to it