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Intermolecular Forces > Intermolecular Forces > Flashcards

Intermolecular Forces Flashcards

1
Q

Three types of intermolecular forces

A

Dipole dipole force, hydrogen bond, dispersion force

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2
Q

Dipole dipole force

A

And intermolecular force, the attraction of a positive end of one polar molecule to the negative end of another polar molecule

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3
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

A special dipole dipole forces involved in hydrogen and a highly electronegative element (fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen)

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4
Q

What is the strongest intermolecular force

A

Hydrogen bond

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5
Q

Dispersion force

A

An electrostatic attraction that arises between Adams or molecules because of the presence of instantaneous and induce temporary dipoles

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6
Q

Kinetic molecular theory for solids(5)

A

Always moving in vibrating, high density, little diffusion, expand when increased temperature, do not compress

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7
Q

Two types of solids

A

Crystalline and amorphous

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8
Q

Crystalline solid

A

I solid in which the particles of her in a regular repeating pattern

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9
Q

Amorphous solid

A

A solid in which the particles occur in random positions with no orderly pattern, shape, or form or structure

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10
Q

Crystalline substances

A

Have exact melting points because all the bonds are the same

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11
Q

Amorphous substances

A

Gradually soften as they are heated

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12
Q

Sublimation

A

A physical change from the solid directly to the gaseous state

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13
Q

Desposition

A

Physical change from the gas directly to the solid

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14
Q

Crystal lattice

A

I repeating three-dimensional pattern of positive and negative ions in a crystal

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15
Q

Unit cell

A

The simplest unit of repetition in a crystal lattice, “building block”

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16
Q

Polymorphous

A

Describes a substance (either an element or compound) that occurs in more than one crystalline form

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17
Q

Allotropic

A

Describes an element that has more than one crystalline form

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18
Q

types of crystalline solids(5)

A

Atomic, covalent molecular, covalent network, ionic crystals, metallic crystals

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19
Q

Atomic

A

Frozen noble gases

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20
Q

Covalent molecular

A

How together by hydrogen bonds, dipole, and dispersion forces

21
Q

Covalent network

A

Like giant molecules

22
Q

Ionic crystals

A

Repeating crystal lattice pattern

23
Q

Metallic crystals

A

Metallic bonding

24
Q

Kinetic description of liquids(4)

A

Touching, not locked in place, little expansion or compression, permeability

25
Q

Two affects of intermolecular attractions

A

Cohesion and adhesion

26
Q

Cohesion

A

Attraction between particles

27
Q

Adhesion

A

Attraction between particles and other substances

28
Q

Surface tension

A

The tightening of a surface of a liquid due to unbalanced intermolecular forces on the surface particles

29
Q

Surfactant

A

A substance which reduces the surface tension

30
Q

Viscosity(3)

A

The thickness of a liquid, the ability of a liquid to resist flow, decreases as temperature rises

31
Q

Meniscus

A

The curved upper surface of a column of liquid

32
Q

Capillary action

A

The movement of a liquid up a narrow tube caused by the attraction of the molecules of a glass tube to the molecules of a liquid

33
Q

Diffusibility

A

Drop of food coloring diffuses through out a glass of water

34
Q

Permeability

A

Spilled milk permeates through a paper towel

35
Q

Wetness

A

A liquid “wets” a surface if the attraction of the liquid to the surface is greater than the attraction of the liquid to itself

36
Q

Intermolecular forces

A

And electrostatic attraction between molecules; it is much weaker than the bonds that form within molecules

37
Q

Lattice energy

A

The energy released when gaseous particles form a crystal

38
Q

Vaporization

A

A physical change from a liquid to a vapor or gaseous state

39
Q

Evaporation

A

A physical change from liquid to gas that occurs at the surface of a liquid

40
Q

Vapor pressure

A

Due to evaporated molecules above a liquid

41
Q

Boiling

A

Rapid change from liquid to gas

42
Q

Boiling point

A

Temperature at which the vapor pressure equals the applied pressure

43
Q

Normal boiling point

A

The temperature at which the vapor pressure equals 760torr

44
Q

Distillation

A

The process of separating a mixture by boiling one substance, condensing it, and collecting the liquid

45
Q

Phase diagram

A

Shows pressure and temperature at which a substance is a solid, liquid, or gas

46
Q

Triple point

A

The pressure and temperature at which a substance coexists as a solid, liquid, and gas

47
Q

Critical temperature

A

The highest temperature at which a gas can be liquefied

48
Q

Critical pressure

A

The pressure that is required to liquefy a gas at its critical temperature

Intermolecular Forces (1 decks)

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