Interelationships

Question 1

Atmosphere

Answer 1

The thin layer of gases that surround the earth

Question 2

Hydrosphere

Answer 2

All water on the Earth, including vapour in the atmosphere, oceans, lakes, rivers and ice caps

Question 3

Lithosphere

Answer 3

The soil and rocky crust of the Earth, its mantle, and core of molten roc

Question 4

Organism

Answer 4

Refers to individual living things.

Question 5

Species

Answer 5

Group of organisms of the same type, which are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.

Question 6

Population

Answer 6

Group of organisms of the same species living together in the one area.

Question 7

Community

Answer 7

Consists of a number of populations of different species living together in a particular environment

Question 8

Outdoor Environment

Answer 8

Environments that have minimal
influence from humans, but may
also include those that have been
subjected to human intervention

Question 9

Biotic

Answer 9

A living organism

Question 10

Abiotic

Answer 10

A non-living feature in an environment

Question 11

Biogeochemical

Answer 11

The cycle in which simple substances
and chemical elements are transferred between living elements and the environment

Question 12

Photosynthesis

Answer 12

A process used by plants to convert
light energy into chemical energy
to grow

Question 13

Carbon Dioxide

Answer 13

A colourless, odourless gas
that is the fourth- most abundant in
the atmosphere (approximately
0.04%); it is produced from the
burning of fossil fuels and acts as a
greenhouse gas

Question 14

Respiration

Answer 14

The physiological process that enables animals to exchange
carbon dioxide

Question 15

Fossil Fuels

Answer 15

A deposit, such as petroleum,
coal or natural gas, derived from
the accumulated remains of ancient
plants and animals and used as fuel

Question 16

Precipitation

Answer 16

When water is released from
clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow or hail

Question 17

Transpriration

Answer 17

The evaporation of water into the
atmosphere from the leaves and
stems of plants

Question 18

Geochemical Cycles

Answer 18

The circulation of biological, geological and chemical
substances

Question 19

Herbivore

Answer 19

Animals that feed on grass and other
plants

Question 20

Carnivore

Answer 20

Animals or plants that feed on animals

Question 21

Trophic Level

Answer 21

A feeding level; organisms that
form one link in a food chain;
either producers, consumers or
decomposers

Question 22

Water Cycle Facts

Answer 22

-There will never be any more fresh water on the earth than there is now

-The water we drink today is the same water that existed when the world began

-Water gets cleaned through the natural process called the water cycle

Question 23

Water Cycle

Answer 23

The sun’s energy drives the water cycle, with evaporation and precipitation. Plants take up water from the soil, using it in processes like photosynthesis, and release extra water through transpiration. Animals, including humans, release water into the atmosphere through respiration, sweat, and urine. When animals and plants die, their water content is rapidly evaporated into the system.

Question 24

Nitrogen Cycle

Answer 24

The nitrogen cycle converts nitrogen between different chemical forms. Nitrogen makes up around 80% of the atmosphere and is crucial for organisms to produce proteins, vitamins, and DNA. Plants depend on soil bacteria to convert nitrogen gas into nitrates, which they can absorb through their roots. Animals obtain nitrogen by consuming plants and other animals. Nitrogen is returned to the system through feces, urine, and decomposition.

Question 25

Carbon-Oxygen

Answer 25

During photosynthesis, plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere into their leaves. The carbon from CO2 is used to create materials like glucose and starch, supporting plant function and structure. Carbon is transferred through the food chain as animals consume plants and each other. Respiration and decomposition release carbon back into the atmosphere. Additionally, burning fossil fuels derived from decomposed plant matter releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Natural processes like volcanic eruptions and erosion can also contribute to atmospheric carbon levels

Question 26

Renewable Energy

Answer 26

Energy derived from natural sources that are replenished at a higher rate than they are consumed

Question 27

Sustainable Energy

Answer 27

Any energy source that cannot be depleted and can remain viable forever

Question 28

Food Chain

Answer 28

The transfer of food energy begins with the consumption of the producers (green plants) by herbivores and passes through a series of changes or links as herbivores are eaten by carnivores that, in turn, are then consumed by the higher predator carnivores

Question 29

Food Web

Answer 29

Consists of all food chains in a single organism