Interdependence

Question 1

What is phylogeny?

Answer 1

A family tree depicting the evolutionary lines of descent between species.

Question 2

What does is the difference between monophyletic & paraphyletic?

Answer 2

Monophyletic results in species on the same branch. Paraphyletic has branches resulting from a single common ancestor.

Question 3

What is an angiosperm?

Answer 3

A flowering plant.

Question 4

What is coevolution?

Answer 4

Evolution of two species associated with each other which generates dependency for one or both of the species. For example pandas only eating bamboo or flowers shaped specifically to allow hummingbirds access to nectar.

Question 5

What is convergent evolution?

Answer 5

The production of similar traits in unrelated organisms, for example the basic body plans & flight ability in birds and bats.

Question 6

Give an example of the effects of both convergent evolution and coevolution.

Answer 6

Mimicry. When non-poisonous insects develop the same colouration as poisonous species to avoid predation (Batesian mimicry) or where a toxic species gains extra benefit from mimicking a more toxic species (Mullarian)

Question 7

What are the two distinct groups of insects?

Answer 7

Apterygotes (wingless) and pterygotes (winged)

Question 8

What is the difference between the t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test?

Answer 8

T-test considers differences between the means of two sets of data. Mann-Whitney u-test can be used for small sample sizes or skewed data.

Question 9

What is mutualism?

Answer 9

Individuals from both species benefit from the interaction