Interdependence Flashcards
learning outcomes Topic 1
Describe ways in which organisms interact and are dependent on each other
- Within a species, eg mating and reproduction
2. Between species, eg predation
Describe 4 ways of studying interdependence between organisms
- Physiological
- Behavioural
- Ecological
- Evolutionary
Name 1 physiological aspect of predator/prey interaction
the energy requirements of the predator
Name 1 behavioural aspect of predator/prey interaction
nocturnal movements of prey
Name 1 ecological aspect of predator/prey interaction
change in prey population size in response to predators
Name 1 evolutionary aspect of predator/prey interaction
evolution of jaw size of predator
Explain the principles of constructing phylogonies
a depiction of lines of evolutionary descent of different species or organisms from a common ancestor with closely related species branched together
Name the lines of descent shown in a phylogeny
lineages
What is the name given to all descendants on a common ancestor
A clade, eg marsupials and rats
What name defines a group of organisms found within a single clade
A monophyletic group (seperated from the ancestral root with a single cut through a branch)
What other name describes a non-monphyletic group
A paraphyletic group (seperated from the ancestral group by 2 or more cuts)
Define mutualism
An interaction between species where both sides benefit (+,+)
Give an example of a mutualistic interaction
- ants defend acacia plants from predators
2. the acacia provides food and shelter for the ants
What are the 2 main distinctions among insects?
The absence or presence of wings, and the process of devt of wings in the species that have them
Define Apterygota
wingless insects
