Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CCD2 - Ortho > Interceptive orthodontics > Flashcards

Interceptive orthodontics Flashcards

1
Q

What is interceptive orthodontics?

A

Any treatment that eliminates or reduces the severity of developing malocclusion, that should eliminate or simplify the need for future treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is interceptive orthodontics?

A

Any treatment that eliminates or reduces the severity of developing malocclusion, that should eliminate or simplify the need for future treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are aims of interceptive orthodontics?

A
  • Maintain centrelines
  • Maintain class I incisor relationship
  • Maintain good vertical and transverse relationships
  • Eliminate crossbites associated with displacement
  • Prevent trauma
  • Minimise crowding and teasing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is assessed anteroposterior?

A

EO - Class I, II or III skeletal pattern
IO - Incisal classification, overjet, canine and molar relationship and anterior crossbite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is assessed vertically?

A

EO - facial thirds, angle of lower border of mandible to maxilla
IO - Openbite, anterior open bite and lateral open bite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is assessed transverse?

A

EO - facial symmetry, IO - centreline shift, posterior crossbite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When is interceptive orthodontics undertaken?

A

1) Failure/delayed eruption
2) Crossbites with displacement/wear
3) Poor prognosis teeth
4) Trauma to permanent teeth
5) Severe skeletal patterns where early treatment may be appropriate - developing class II/III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When would you investigate an impacted tooth?

A

If it hadn’t erupted >6 months of the contralateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the aetiology of impacted first permanent molars?

A

Increased m-d width of 6
Increased eruption angle of 6
Crowding posterior maxilla
Genetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can impacted first permanent molars cause?

A

Caries of second deciduous molar and first permanent molar
Root resorption of second deciduous molar
Space loss if the second deciduous molar is lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the management options for impacted first permanent molars?

A

Some may be reversible and correct themselves by 7/8 years
Whether the E is viable
If so - disimpact with separator/brass wire or distalise with upper removable appliance with finger spring and button
If not - extract E and distalise 6 when erupted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can cause an erupted upper central incisor?

A

Developmental anomaly - supernumeraries, genetic - holoprosencephaly, environmental - dilaceration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the management for an unerupted upper central?

A

Remove cause of impaction/create space then:
Give time for eruption in younger patients - if having intervention usually attach gold chain (if removing supernumeraries)
May need active intervention in older patients/if failure to erupt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the causes of infraoccluded deciduous teeth?

A

Genetic
Disturbed local metabolism
Gaps in periodontal membrane
Local mechanical trauma
Local infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is intervention required for infraoccluded deciduous teeth?

A

Prevents:
- tipping of adjacent teeth
- periodontal problems
- alveolar ridge defects due to growth restriction
- space loss
- displacement of developing successors
- overeruption of teeth in opposing arch
- caries
- gingival hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the management of infraoccluded deciduous teeth depend on?

A

Severity
Presence of permanent successor
Prognosis of deciduous tooth
Malocclusion

17
Q

When do we palpate for canines?

A

9 if not palpable by 10 investigate further

18
Q

What is the aetiology of unerupted maxillary canines?

A

Long path of eruption
Delayed exfoliation of deciduous canine
Small/developmentally absent 2’s
Presence of supernumeraries
Polygenic inheritance
Crowding

19
Q

What warning signs may you see in unerupted upper canines?

A

Prolonged retention of C
Loss of vitality of upper2’s/1

20
Q

What radiographic assessments can you do when you suspect an ectopic canine?

A

1) Horizontal parallax - 2 periapicals
2) OPT/vertical parallax and anterior occlusal
3) CBCT

21
Q

What is the management of unerupted upper canines?

A

Management - radiographic monitoring (can lead to root resorption and cyst formation)
Interceptive: XLA C
Surgical exposure and orthodontic alignment
Surgical repositioning
Extraction

22
Q

What makes a good prognosis upper canine that has unerupted?

A

No horizontal overlap with incisor
Halfway up root of incisor
Angled 0-15 degrees
Apex above canine position

23
Q

What are the causes of crossbites?

A

Local causes, skeletal, soft tissues and pathology

24
Q

What is the interceptive management of crossbites?

A

URA
Quadhelix - posterior
2x4 - fixed appliance used for anterior crossbites

25
Q

Why is interceptive treatment carried out for crossbites?

A

Eliminates displacements
Prevents perpetuation into permanent dentition
Prevents periodontal breakdown/wear

26
Q

What problems can poor prognosis deciduous teeth cause?

A

Centreline shift
Localisation of pre existing crowding

27
Q

What does the management of poor prognosis deciduous teeth depend on?

A

Age
Existing space requirements
Tooth type: A, B - no interceptive tx
C - balance extraction to preserve midline
D - spaced arch - no interceptive tx
Crowded - balance extraction
E - no interceptive treatment

28
Q

What problems do we face with loss of first permanent molars?

A

Spacing
Occlusal interferences
Anchorage concerns
Alveolar defects
Tipping of teeth

29
Q

For the best results of XLA of first permanent molar what do we look for?

A
  • Age 8-10
  • After eruption of laterals but before eruption of second permanent molar
  • Class I occlusion
  • All permanent teeth present
  • Minimal incisor/moderate buccal segment crowding
  • Consider compensating extraction of upper 6 when extracting mandibular 6
30
Q

What is an immediate intervention for loss of maxillary central incisor?

A
  • Reimplantation - to act as space maintainer
  • Space maintainer if lost early
  • Premolar transplant - half formed roots, medically fit and well and motivated, great commitment
  • Orthodontic space closure
    Long term management: denture, implant, bridge
31
Q

Why would we correct an early class II skeletal pattern?

A

Trauma limitation
Psychosocial

32
Q

What can be done to dissuade a patient that is a digit sucker?

A

Positive reinforcement
Bitter nail varnish
Removable appliance
Fixed palatal arch with dissuader

33
Q

What are characteristic features of class II?

A

Proclination of upper incisors
Retroclination of lowers
Asymmetrical anterior open bite
Narrowed upper arch
Posterior crossbite

34
Q

Why do we do interceptive treatment for class III skeletal patterns?

A

Reduce need for OGN surgery

35
Q

What are management options for class III skeletal patterns?

A

Protraction facemask

CCD2 - Ortho (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions