Interactions and toxicity symptoms Flashcards
What are the enzyme inducers?
BSCRAPGPS Barbiturates Sulphonylureas Carbamazepine Rifampicin Alcohol Phenytoin Griseofulvin Phenobarbital St John Wort
What are the enzyme inhibitors?
SICKFACES.COM Groups Sodium valproate Isoniazid Cimetidine Ketoconazole Fluconazole Alcohol Chloramphenicol Erythromycin Sulphonamides Ciprofloxacin Omeprazole Metronidazole Grape fruit
What interacts with CCB?
- Grapefruit juice
- Statins
- Aliskeren
- ARB
- Potassium sparing diuretics
- Aldosterone antagonists
What interacts with ACE inhibitors resulting in hyperkalaemia?
- Aliskeren
- ARB
- K+ sparing diuretics
- Aldosterone antagonist diuretics
What interacts with ACE to result in nephrotoxicity?
NSAIDS
What interacts with ACE increasing risk of hypotension?
Diuretics
The use of what with statins increase the risk of myopathy ?
Ezetimibe or fibrates
What drugs cause hyperlipidaemia?
- 2nd gen antipsychotics
- immunosuppressants
- corticosteroids
- antiretroviral (HIV drugs)
What conditions causes hyperlipidaemia?
- Hypothyroidism
- Liver or kidney disease
- Diabetes mellitus
- Family history/ Genetics
What interacts with statins to result in myopathy and renal impairment?
Fibrates
Which vitamins absorption is impaired with bile acid sequestrants? and what is the course of action to avoid this?
Fat-soluble vitamins ADEK
Take 1hr before bile acid sequestrants or 4hrs after
What drugs induce hyperglycaemia?
- Corticosteroids
- Thiazide diuretics
- Loop diuretics
- beta blockers
- Anti-psychotics
- statins
What is the MHRA/CHM warning Jan 2016 about nicorandil?
Can cause serious mouth, skin, eye and GI ulcers that can result in haemorrhage
What drugs result in hyperkalaemia?
"HADBEANS" ACE/ARB Antifungals Beta blockers Digoxin Aldosterone antagonists diuretics Potassium sparing diuretics Heparin Mannitol / Glucose NSAIDs Tacrolimus Triamterene Trimethoprim
What drugs result in hypokalaemia?
"Dare insult betty's tough carpet" Amiodarone Theophylline Steroids Furosemide - loops Fludrocortisone Penicillin Aminoglycosides Amphotericin B Pseudoephedrine Verapamil in overdose
What drugs are nephrotoxic?
DAMN Diuretics ACE/ARB Metformin NSAIDS
What are the symptoms of hyperkalaemia ?
Abdominal (belly) pain and diarrhea. Chest pain. Heart palpitations or arrhythmia (irregular, fast or fluttering heartbeat). Muscle weakness or numbness in limbs. Nausea and vomiting
What are the symptoms of hypokalaemia ?
Muscle twitches. Muscle cramps or weakness. Muscles that will not move (paralysis) Abnormal heart rhythms. Kidney problems
What drugs cause hypernatremia?
Steroids
Contraceptives
Lithium
Fosfomycin
What drugs cause hyponatraemia?
Antidepressants
Carbamazepine
Desmopressin
Thiazide/Loops diuretics
What common drugs interact with warfarin?
- Amiodarone
- Penicillin
- Fibrates
- Carbamazepine
- Cimetidine
- Quinolones
- Macrolides
- Cranberry juice
- Tetracyclines
- Antidepressants
- Anything that increases risk of bleeding i.e. aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, mefenamic acid -
- Trimethoprim
What drugs increase QT prolongation and what is the affect of that?
Quinolones Citalopram SSRIs Quinine Amiodarone Macrolides Antipsychotics Domperidone Fluconazole Mirabegron Senna + digoxin
What antibiotics can aggravate myasthenia gravis ?
Macrolides
Which drugs can increase the risk of peptic ulcers/ GI bleeding?
NSAIDs, Aspirin, Anticoagulants, Steroids, bisphosphonates and SSRIs
What is used to treat iron poisoning?
Deferoxamine (desferrioxamine)
What is hyperphosphatemia treated with?
treat with calcium-containing preparations as they are phosphate-binding agents
What is hypophosphatemia treated with?
treat with phosphate; give IV if moderate to severe
What drugs lower seizure threshold?
SSRIS TCA Antipsychotics Tramadol Quinolones
