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Biochemistry > Inter and Intra Molecular Interactions > Flashcards

Inter and Intra Molecular Interactions Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Biochemistry relies on covalent or noncovalent molecular interactions?

A

noncovalent

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2
Q

Is covalent or non-covalent stronger?

A

Covalent

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3
Q

T/F: noncovalent molecules are bigger and not additive

A

F, they’re smaller and additive

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4
Q

Examples of noncovalent interactions:

A
  • charge charge interactions
  • van der waals forces
  • dipole dipole interactions
  • london dispersion forces
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5
Q

Charge charge interactions follow which law?

A

Coulomb’s law

F=k(q1q2/er2)

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6
Q

Common ions in the human body are…

A
  • Ca2+
  • Na+
  • K+
  • Mg2+
  • Cl-
  • HOPO42-
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7
Q

Energy of interaction is the amount of E needed…

A

to separate the two charged particles

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8
Q

Higher the dielectric constant =

A

weaker the interaction between charges

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9
Q

T/F: a salt bridge is the simplest charge-charge interaction

A

T

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10
Q

Dehydration alters

A

H bonding network b/c less water

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11
Q

Net result of dehydration is…

A

increased strength in charge-charge interactions at same distance

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12
Q

Major way ethanol effects charge-charge interactions:

A

contributes to dehydration

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13
Q

Minor way ethanol effects charge-charge interactions:

A
  • high amounts of ethanol would alter the medium, which will strengthen electrostatic interactions
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14
Q

Dehydration would lead to a higher/lower dielectric constant

A

lower

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15
Q

Lower dielectric constant alters ion reactions b/c…

A

oppositely charged ions would have greater attraction and be less available for reactions

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16
Q

H bonds are the interactions between…

A

a covalently bonded H on a donor group and a pair of bonded e- on acceptor group

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17
Q

H bonds are partially…

A

dipole-dipole interaction and covalent

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18
Q

H bonds are important in biochem b/c…

A

of the quantity (a lot)

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19
Q

H bonding stabilizes…

A

structural elements

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20
Q

Permanent dipole dipole interactions results from…

A

differences in electronegativity between atoms

- unequal e- distribution

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21
Q

Induced dipole results when…

A

molecules are near a charge

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22
Q

Dipole dipole has a slight _____ on each end of the molecule

23
Q

London dispersion forces is the _____ interaction

24
Q

Van der waals radius is the…

Study These Flashcards
A

effective radius for closest molecular packing

25
T/F: water is the primary solvent for life
T
26
Water makes up __ - __ % of total body weight
60-75%
27
Water is found in the highest percentages in the...
- brain - kidney - muscle - blood
28
Biological functions of water:
- solvent: used in transport and mobility - reactant: for hydrolysis and hydration of = bonds - lubricant - osmoregulation - supports existence of biological ions - mediates body temp
29
Properties of water:
- LMW for room temperature liquid - H bonds form between water molecules - high heat capacity - high heat of vaporization - less dense when frozen - high viscosity - cohesive - high dielectric constant (ion-dipole interactions)
30
Why does water have a high heat capacity?
b/c dipole dipole interactions reduces movement as it absorbs E, therefore cools body
31
Def of heat capacity:
of heat units needed to raise the temperature of body by one degree
32
Why does water have a high heat of vaporization?
b/c of dipole dipole interactions | - prevents dehydration and decreases body temp
33
Def of high heat of vaporization:
amount of E (enthalpy) needed to turn liquid into gas
34
Amphipathic molecules has both:
hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties
35
Example of amphipathic molecules are...
- fatty acids - lipids - detergents (synthetic lipids)
36
Amphipathic molecules make three formations in water:
- monolayer - micelles - bilayer
37
Arrangement of monolayer?
molecules align at the surface of the liquid in a single layer
38
Arrangement of micelles?
molecules align in spherical organization with tails facing inward
39
Arrangement of bilayer?
molecules align in two layers w/ tails facing inward | - leaves hydrophilic surfaces on both outside and inside
40
What is the clathrate structure?
"cage" of water molecules surrounds nonpolar solute - create hydrophobic effect - decreases entropy
41
Hydrophobic effect stabilizes protein structure by...
driving apolar side chains on amino acids together
42
ICF makes up how much of body water?
2/3
43
ICF makes up how much of body weight?
40%
44
ICF is a solution made up of...
K+, organic anions, and proteins
45
T/F: ICF is homogeneous in body
F
46
What controls the constituents of ICF?
metabolism and cell membranes
47
ECF makes up how much of body water?
1/3
48
ECF makes up how much body weight?
20%
49
ECF is a solution made up of...
NaCl and NaHCO3
50
ECF has three subcompartments:
- ISF: surrounds cells - plasma: circulates as extracellular component of blood - transcellular fluid: outside normal compartments
51
T/F: fluid compartments are not in osmotic equilibrium
F
52
Osmotic pressure:
hydrostatic pressure produced by a solution in a space decided by a semipermeable membrane due to differential in [ ] of solute
53
Osmole:
non-SI unit of measurement that defines the # of moles of a chemical compound that contributes to osmotic pressure
54
Osmolality:
measure of osmoles of solute/kg of solvent

Biochemistry (9 decks)

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