Intelligence & Origins Flashcards
General intelligence
‘G’ represents a single intelligence
Fluid intelligence
Gf
Ability to think logically
Crystallised intelligence
Gc
Specific knowledge as a result of the application of Gf
Thurstone found …
… 7 groupings - called primary mental abilities
Emotional intelligence
Able to regulate own emotional behaviour
Analytics intelligence
Academic based problem solving
Creative intelligence
Reacting to and producing novel ideas
Practical intelligence
Required for daily tasks
Longitudinal Studies
Observe the development over time period
Cohort studies
Involving people from particular groups
Cross cultural studies
Compare abilities accords different groups
According to Popper what is an ultimate question
Those that cannot be answered by science
The 1st psychological experiment was by
Wundt in 1879
Psychology emerged as …
… a logical progression after using science to explain human nature
BPS define psychology as …
The scientific study of people, the mind and behaviour
Mind body relationship
How is the conscious experience related to neuropsychological processes
Dualism
2 types of substances in the world. Mental and physical
Mentalism
Everything is a subjective experience. Nothing is concrete
Epiphenomenlism
Mental states have a non physical existence
Emergence
Mental states cannot be reduced to physical causes - or explained by them
Monism
The mind is all that exists
Materialism
Only physical states are real
Psychometric testing
The scientific measurement of individual differences
Objectivity
All observers would produce an identical account of an event
Normative rest
The range of scores expected
Criterion test
Used in the assessment of competencies
Ideographic test
To monitor the individual and their progress
Internal consistency
All parts of the test is reliable
Test re test reliability
Remains valid each test
Concurrent reliability
Correlate with a test at the same time on same subject
Predictive validity
Should relate to future behaviour
Classical conditioning
Behaviours can be learned
Operant conditioning
Behaviour is conditioned through rewards and punishment
Reinforcers
Are events that increase the likelihood of a behaviour following its occurrence
Positive reinforcer
Pleasant tell outcomes following behaviour
Negative reinforcer
Unpleasant outcomes removed following behaviour
