Intelligence and IQ testing Flashcards
Describe nature of intelligence
- hard to define
- mutli-faceted (expressed in diff domains)
- functional (direct towards solving prob)
- culturally defined
Textbook definition of intelligence
Application of cognitive skills + knowledge to learn = solve probs that are valued by main culture
Galton measure of intelligence
- Inherited
- Based on simple process
Binet measure of intell
- developed first intell test
- measured child academic success
- looked at mental age
- predict school success
Terman measure of intell
Developed IQ test - MA/CA X 100 = IQ
Weschler tests
IQ derived from a number of subtests - 4 domains – global IQ (Full Scale IQ) - WAIS – IV (Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scales) 1. Verbal Comprehension scale 2. Perceptual reasoning scale 3. Working memory scale 4. Processing speed scale. Based on frequency distribution = describes the frequency of various scores in the population
The diffculty psychologists had in defining the concept of intelligence year after year resulted in
one psychologist defining intelligence as what intelligence tests measured
Intellectual disability
- sig below average IQ (less than 70)
- 2.9% of Australian population
Extremes of intelligence
- Intellectual disability (less than 70 IQ, 2.9% Australian population)
- Giftedness (above 130 IQ, linked to creativity and divergent thinking)
Divergent thinking
Measure of creativity - ability to generate multiple solutions to a prob
Types of intelligent tests
Binet test (MA) Terman test (IQ) Weschler tests (WISC, WAIS)
Ability to assess construct it was designed to measure
VALIDITY of test
Size of standard deviation in IQ
15
Average/mean IQ
100
IQ of 68% of population
is within 1 SD of the mean
