Intelligence Flashcards
1
Q
Intelligence
A
general mental ability that involve ability to acquire knowledge, think an reason effectively and deal adaptively with the environment
2
Q
Hereditary genius
A
- Francis Galton
- Intelligence is hereditary
- First to quantify intelligence: nervous system efficiency
o High pitched sounds
o Colour perception - Sensory processes are not mental processes
- Environment and life opportunity
3
Q
Alfred Binet
A
- Commissioned by France’s ministry of education
o Teachers of children 3-18 years old
o Standardised interview-based test
o Concept of mental age
o Does not allow relative scores for comparison
4
Q
Modern IQ testing
A
- Modern IQ tests are based on scores relative to other people of the same age
- Standardisation
o Normative scores - Normal distribution
- (Bell curve)
5
Q
Stanford-Binet
A
- Too dependent on verbal skills
- Only produced a single IQ score
- Recent version includes 5 different cognitive abilities
- Fluid reasoning
- Quantitative reasoning
- General knowledge
- Visuospatial processing
- Working memory capacity
6
Q
Wechsler Scale
A
- WAIS and WISC
- Includes 4 index scales to calculate a composite score that represents general intellectual ability
- Verbal comprehension index
- Working memory index
- Perceptual reasoning index
- Processing speed index
7
Q
PRI
A
- Visual puzzles
- Matrix reasoning
- Figure weights
- Picture completion
- Symbol search
- Coding
8
Q
Culture and intelligence
A
- WAIS was criticised to be reliant on skills developed in western culture
- Cultural differences
- Create culturally specific tests
- Create culturally independent reasoning problems
9
Q
Raven’s Progressive Matrices
A
- Independent od culture and education
- Assesses non-verbal reasoning abilities with increasingly difficult patterns
- Correlations with IQ derived from traditional tests
- Measure fluid instead of general intelligence
- Cattel Culture Fair Intelligence Test
