Intellectual Disability

Question 1

DSM-5 Diagnosis

Answer 1

“Intellectual Disability” has replaced the previous term “mental retardation”(delay).

Question 2

What is Intellectual Disability?

Answer 2

It is a neurodevelopmental disorder, a group of conditions with onset in the developmental period that produces impairments of: 
• Social 
•Personal
•Academic
•Occupational functioning

Question 3

Characteristics

Answer 3

Significant limitations in mental abilities (reasoning, planning, and judgment)

Result in impairment in adaptive functioning such as conceptual, social, and practical skills needed to fulfill aspects of everyday life.

Question 4

3 Characteristics:

Answer 4

•Intellectual limitations
e.g.: reasoning, problem-solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, academic learning and learning from experience

•Deficits in adaptive skills ( most impacted)
e.g.: failure to meet developmental and sociocultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility

•Early-onset
e.g.: usually diagnosed in the beginning

Question 5

Intellectual Testing

Answer 5

IQ level: 
Average: 100 
Intellectual Disability: 70 and below 
•Wechsler Intelligence Scale (WISC-IV)
•Stanford-Binet (SB5)
•Kaufman Assessment Battery (KABC-II)
Despite low IQ scores, if they learn to adapt to their environment, they are not considered to have ID.

Question 6

Adaptive Functioning

Answer 6

Can adapt to their environment ( capable to live independently, follow the community standard) ---- not considered to have Intellectual Disability
e.g.: getting a job
         buying  grocery 
         writing checks
         personal hygiene

Question 7

Are we really getting smarter?

Answer 7

Scientists have considered the increase due to:
•Rising standards of living
•Better schooling
•Better nutrition
•Medical advances
•More stimulating environments
 •Technology

Question 8

Intellectual disability

Answer 8

the widest variation in cognitive and behavioral abilities of any childhood disorder.

Question 9

Severity Levels

Answer 9

•Mild (Majority about 85%) (IQ level of 50 to 69).
With proper assistant and intervention the child can carry out daily routines much like other children.
•Moderate (IQ level of 35 to 49)
•Severe (about 4%)
•Profound (2% with IQ of Under 20)