Intellectual and Neuropsychological Tests

Question 1

What are the types of tests described in this chapter?

Answer 1

Tests described in this chapter are
related to cognitive functioning in some
way

Question 2

What are the tests related to cognitive functioning?

Answer 2

1. Intelligence Tests
2. Achievement Tests
3. Neuropsychological Tests

Question 3

What are intelligence tests?

Answer 3

Intelligence tests measure intellectual abilities.

Question 4

What are achievement tests?

Answer 4

Achievement tests measure

accomplishments in academic areas

Question 5

What are neuropsychological tests?

Answer 5

Neuropsychological tests focus on
cognitive dysfunction, often from brain
injury or illness

Question 6

What are Wechsler Intelligence Tests?

Answer 6

1. Originally created by David Wechsler in
   early 1900s
2. Currently, there are three Wechsler IQ
   tests

Question 7

What are the three Wechsler IQ tests?

Answer 7

1. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Fourth
   Edition (WAIS-IV) – age 16-89
2. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—
   Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) – age 6-16
3. Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of
   Intelligence—Third Edition (WPPSI-III) – age 2
   -7

Question 8

What are the similarities amongst the three Wechsler IQ tests?

Answer 8

I. Yield a single full-scale intelligence score
a. Also yield 4 index scores: Verbal Comprehension,
Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, Processing Speed
b. Also yield about a dozen specific subtests scores
II. One-to-one, face-to-face administration

Question 9

What is the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales - 5th Edition (SB5)?

Answer 9

1. Dominated in early 1900s until Wechsler’s tests began to compete
2. Like Wechsler tests in many ways

Question 10

How is the SB5 similar to the Wechsler tests?

Answer 10

1. Face-to-face, one-to-one administration
2. Single overall IQ score, 5 factor scores, many more subtest scores
3. Mean score is 100

Question 11

What is cultural fairness in intelligence tests?

Answer 11

I. Some subtests may place people from minority cultural groups at a disadvantage
a. Verbal subtests especially
b. Both Wechsler tests and Stanford-Binet have made improvements in recent editions
II. Universal Nonverbal Intelligence Test (UNIT)

Question 12

What is Universal Nonverbal Intelligence Test (UNIT)?

Answer 12

a. Recently created (1996)
b. Entirely language free
c. No speaking necessary for test administrator or test taker
- All instructions are hand gestures
- All responses are manual, not verbal
d. Some drawbacks: only for kids age 5-17, limited psychometric data, more limited range

Question 13

What is intelligence?

Answer 13

Intelligence is what a person can accomplish

intellectually

Question 14

What is achievement?

Answer 14

Achievement is what a person has accomplished, especially reading, spelling, writing, or math

Question 15

What is the more detailed description of achievement tests?

Answer 15

1. Achievement tests typically produce standard scores
   that can be easily compared to scores from
   intelligence tests (e.g., mean = 100)
   a. A significant discrepancy between a person’s
   achievement and expected levels of achievement is the basis for specific learning disorder
2. They also typically produce age- or grade-equivalency scores
3. Some achievement tests are specific to math, reading, or other abilities
4. Others are more global

Question 16

What are the more global achievement tests?

Answer 16

Wechsler Individual Achievement Test—Third Edition

WIAT-III

Question 17

What is the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test – Third Edition (WIAT-III)?

Answer 17

1. For ages 4-50
2. Administered face-to-face and one-on-one
3. Reading, math, written language, oral language

Question 18

What are neuropsychological tests?

Answer 18

1. Measure cognitive functioning or impairment of the brain and its specific components or structures
2. Additional purposes: to make prognosis, plan rehab, determine eligibility for accommodations, etc.
3. Often used after a head injury, a brain illness, or prolonged alcohol or drug use
4. Some neuropsychological tests are lengthy and comprehensive; others are brief and targeted

Question 19

What is the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery?

Answer 19

1. Comprehensive battery of 8 neuropsychological tests
2. Primary purpose is to identify people with brain damage and, to the extent possible, provide detailed information or hypotheses about any brain damage identified
3. Some of 8 tests involve sight, hearing,
   touch, motor skills, and pencil & paper
   tasks
4. A similar comprehensive battery of
   tests is the Luria-Nebraska
   Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB)
   - Similarly long and comprehensive
   - Emphasizes qualitative data in addition to quantitative data

Question 20

What are the brief neuropsychological measures?

Answer 20

1. Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test –
   Second Edition
2. Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test
3. Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of
   Neuropsychological Status (RBANS)
4. Wechsler Memory Scale – Fourth Edition (WMS-IV)