integummentary system Flashcards
the bod’s miracle wrao
epidermis
cells are produced in the stratum basale
keratinocytes,melanocytes, langerhans cells and merkel cells
squamos cell containing
keratin
cell divide by mitosis and some of the newoly formed cell become the cell of the more superficial strata
stratum basale
keratin fibers and lamellar bodies accumulate
stratum spinosum
keratin fibers and lamellar bodies accumulate
stratum spinosum
keratohyalin and a hard protein envelope form; lammellar bodies release lipids;cell dies
stratum granulosum
keratohyalin and a hard protein envelope form; lammellar bodies release lipids;cell dies
stratum granulosum
dead cells containing dispersed keratohyalin
stratum lucidum
dead cells containing dispersed keratohyalin
stratum lucidum
dead cells with a hard protein envelope; the cells contain keratin and are surrounded by lipids
stratum corneum
transformation if stratum basale cell intostratum corneum cells
keratinzation
nails and external parts of the hair, more durable, do not desquamate
soft keratin
thickened area due to increased number pf layers
callus
thickened area due to increased number pf layers
callus
-cone shaped structure over bony prominences
-extends deep into epidermis
corn
- thicker than normal stratum corneum slough to produce large, silvery scales
psoriasis
produces melanin inside melanosomes and then transfer the melanin to keratonocytes
melanocytes
produces melanin inside melanosomes and then transfer the melanin to keratonocytes
melanocytes
the size and distribution fo melanosomes determine the?
skin tone
the size and distribution fo melanosomes determine the?
skin tone
melanin production is determined genetically but can be influenced by?
ultraviolet light (tanning) and hormones
an ingested plamt pigment can cause the skin appera yellowish
carotene
decreased oxygen content in the blood result in a bluish color called
cyanosis
resposible for the structural strenght and flexibility of the skin; the epidermis exchanges gases nutrients, and waste product with blood vessels in the dermis
dermis
brings blood vessels close to the epidermis; dermal papillae form fingerprints and footprints
papillary layer
main fibrous layer of the dermis; strong in many direction ; forms cleavage lines
reticular layer
located beneath the dermis, the subcutaneous tissue is loose connective tissue that contains collagen and leastin fibers
subcutaneous tissue
replaced near the time of birth by terminal hair and vellus hairs
lanugo
replaced near the time of birth by terminal hair and vellus hairs
lanugo
at puberty, vellus hairs can be replaced with terminal hairs with?
terminal hairs
each hair consists of?
shaft root and hair bulb
contraction of the ——— causes hair to stand on end and prodyces goose flesh
arrector pili
sebum, which oils the hair and the surface of the skin
sebaceous glands
sweat, which cools the body
merocrine sweat glands
produce an organic secretionthat can be broken down by bacteria to cause body odor
apocrine sweat glands
is stratum corneum containing hard keratin
nails
is stratum corneum containing hard keratin
nails
-appearas small, shiny elevation
- elvation enlarges, develops central depression with pearly edge
basal cell carcinoma
- metastize rapidly and is fatal without treatment . increased risk for people who had severe sunburns,especially as children
malignant melanoma
- arise from keratinocytes of stratum spinosum
- lesions usually appera on scalp, ears, lower lip , or back of hand
squamos cell carcinoma
- arise from keratinocytes of stratum spinosum
- lesions usually appera on scalp, ears, lower lip , or back of hand
squamos cell carcinoma
