INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM LEC

Question 1

Give 5 General functions of the integumentary system

Answer 1

1. Body temperature regulation
2. Protection from external environment
3. Cutaneous sensations
4. Excretion and absorption
5. Vitamin D Synthesis

Question 2

the integumentary system is composed of ___

Answer 2

skin and accessory glands (hair, glands, nails)

Question 3

a group of soluble sercosteroids

Answer 3

Vitamin D

Question 4

responsible for enhancing intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate

Answer 4

Vitamin D

Question 5

the largest organ of the body

Answer 5

skin

Question 6

two principal parts of the skin

Answer 6

epidermis and dermis

Question 7

superficial layer of the skin with 5 layers

Answer 7

epidermis

Question 8

what are the 5 layers of the epidermis

Answer 8

Stratum corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

Question 9

inner portion of the skin with two regions

Answer 9

dermis

Question 10

what are the two regions of the dermis

Answer 10

papillary and reticular

Question 11

a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that forms the major distinction between thick and thin skin

Answer 11

epidermis

Question 12

what are the four principal types of cells in epidermis

Answer 12

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkel cell

Question 13

90% of epidermal cells
produce the protein keratin and lamellar granules

Answer 13

keratinocytes

Question 14

8% of the epidermal cells
located at the basal layer of epidermis
produce pigment melanin

Answer 14

melanocytes

Question 15

brown/black pigment (melanin)

Answer 15

eumelanins

Question 16

pigment found in red hair

Answer 16

pheomelanin

Question 17

what are the three types of melanin

Answer 17

eumelanin
pheomelanin
neuromelanin (found in the brain)

Question 18

cells that arise from the red bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis

Answer 18

Langerhans cells

Question 19

participate in immune responses
found in stratum spinosum
constitute a small proportion of the epidermal cell

Answer 19

Langerhans cell

Question 20

the least numerous of the epidermal cells
located in the deepest layer of epidermis where they contact sensory neurons (Tactile disc)
most abundant in highly sensitive skin such as fingertips and at the bases of hair follicles

Answer 20

Merkel cells

Question 21

A sensory neuron that is essential for light touch sensation

Answer 21

Merkel cell and tactile disc

Question 22

Layer of the epidermis that is most superficial and contains 20-30 layers of dead flat keratinocytes

Answer 22

Stratum corneum

Question 23

densely packed intermediate filaments and lamellar granules

Answer 23

keratohyalin

Question 24

abnormal thickening of the epidermis

Answer 24

callus (caused by the constant exposure of skin to friction)

Question 25

Layer of the epidermis that is clear and is present only in thick areas of the skin Consist of 2-3 layers of clear, flat dead keratinocytes (containing densely packed intermediate filaments and thickened plasma membrane

Answer 25

Stratum lucidum

Question 26

Layer of the epidermis that contains 3-5 layers of flattened keratinocytes Contains basophilic granules: Keratohyalin and Lamellar

Answer 26

Stratum granulosum

Question 27

darkly staining granules of a protein organizes intermediate filaments into even thicker bundles thus becomes more apparent

Answer 27

keratohyalin

Question 28

lipid rich impermeable layer around the cell skin barrier against water loss that provides sealing effect in the skin forming barrier to penetration by most foreign material

Answer 28

Lamellar

Question 29

Thickest epidermal layer where 8-10 layers of polyhedral keratinocytes fit closely together

Answer 29

Stratum spinosum

Question 30

contains langerhans and melanocytes

Answer 30

Stratum spinosum

Question 31

the deepest epidermal layer characterized by intense mitotic activity with a single row of basophilic cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes

Answer 31

Stratum germinativum

Question 32

important features of all keratinocytes in Basale which INCREASE during differentiation as cells move upward

Answer 32

Cytoskeletal keratins

Question 33

Composed of CONNECTIVE TISSUE containing collagen and elastic fibers Include cells such as FIBROBLASTS, MACROPHAGES, and some ADIPOCYTES Blood vessels, nerve glands, and hair follicles are embedded in dermal tissue

Answer 33

Dermis

Question 34

The SUPERFICIAL PORTION of the dermis Consist of AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE with elastic fibers and small fine type I and II collagen fibers, fibroblasts, macrophages, and other WBC

Answer 34

Papillary region

Question 35

fingerlike projections that indent the epidermis and contain LOOP OF CAPILLARIES

Answer 35

dermal papillae

Question 36

what are the 2 components of the papillary region

Answer 36

Meissner's corpuscle Free nerve endings

Question 37

DEEPER PORTION of the dermis Consist of DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE containing coarsely textured bundles of collagen and some elastic fibre

Answer 37

reticular region