Integumentary System Introduction Flashcards
1
Q
Pruritus
A
- severe itching
- treatment depends on precipitating factors
- is not a disease process but a symptom, so never just treat the pruritus without looking for its cause
- may be a symptom of emotional factors
2
Q
Layers of the skin
A
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Subcutaneous layer
3
Q
Epidermis Layer
A
- made up of stratified squamous epithelial cells
- the avascular outermost layers of cells in the skin
- acts as the body’s major barrier against an inhospitable environment
- regulates the amount of water lost from the body
- thinest at the eyelids (0.05 mm)
- thickest at the palms and soles (1.5 mm)
4
Q
Dermis Layer
A
- layer between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissues
- consists of connective tissue
- acts as the cushion for the body from stress and strain
- tightly connected to the epidermis through a basement membrane
- structural components are collagen, elastic fibers, and extrafibrillar matrix
- contains receptors that provide the sense of touch and heat
- contains hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, apocrine glands, lymphatic vessels, and blood vessels that provide nourishment and waste removal for both dermal and epidermal cells
5
Q
Subcutaneous Layer
A
- innermost layer of skin
- cells found in this layer are fibroblasts, adipose tissue, and macrophages
- used mainly for fat storage
6
Q
Types of descriptions for primary skin lesions
A
- papule
- macule
- nodule
- patch
- vesicle
- bulla
- plaque
- cyst
- wheal
- pustule
- tumor
7
Q
Flat Lesions
A
- Macule
- Patch
- Telangiectasia
8
Q
Macule
A
- flat, circumscribed
- non-palpable
- smaller than 1 cm
9
Q
Macule Examples
A
- Freckles
- Measles
- Petechiae
10
Q
Patch
A
- larger than a macule
- flat, non-palpable
- larger than 1 cm
11
Q
Patch Example
A
- A herald patch with Pityriasis Rosea
- Port wine stains
- Cafe-au-lait spots
12
Q
Telangiectasia
A
- fine, irregular red lines produced by capillary dilation
- blanch with pressure
13
Q
Telangiectasia Example
A
- Rosacea
14
Q
Papule
A
- small palpable circumscribed lesion
- less than 0.5 cm
15
Q
Papule Examples
A
- Warts
- Basal cell carcinoma
16
Q
Plaque
A
- large, flat-topped elevated palpable lesion
- 1 cm or larger