Integumentary System Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards by Chazley Espinal

Nerve Fibers

Send signal to brain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Grafting

Taking piece of your own skin or donor skin & transplanting it hurts I affected side to grow and repair

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the three main skin layers?

Epidermis , dermis, and subcutaneous

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Epidermis

Outermost layer of skin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stratum corneum

Surface layer; barrier against infections

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stratum Lucidum

Just below stratum corneum; on palms and soles of feet ONLY.

Provides additional protection for high use areas

Cells appear clear in this layer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stratum granulosum

The layer cells begin protection process and distributed among layers.

Produces melanin

First layer not to be nourished by dermis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Keratin

Substance that constitutes skin, hair, and nails

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stratum spinosum

“Prickle layer” for spiny texture

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stratum basale

Final & deepest layer; renews epidermal cells

Composed of basal cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dermis

Lies under epidermis and is much thicker

“True skin” because contains blood & lymph vessels and nerve fibers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fibroblast Cells

Produce fibers that help repair injuries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Phagocytic Cells

Protect body by swallowing foreign materials such as bacteria

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mast cells

Contain histamine & heparin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Histamine

Produces allergic reaction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Heparin

Prevents blood clotting

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Collagen

Gluey protein in skin, connective tissue, bones, cartilage, tendons, & ligaments

Fibers provide skin with strength and elasticity

Skin can stretch and return to its normal shape again

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stretch marks

Linear marks caused by broken overstretched collagen fibers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Touch receptors

Closer to epidermis so it can detect very delicate surface changes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pressure receptors

Deeper in epidermis ; why we can press on something firmly without discomfort

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Subcutaneous/ Hypodermal

Connective tissue layer that attaches skin to muscles and to other tissues lying beneath skin

Technically NOT part of integumentary system because it’s made of connective tissue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fascia

Tissue that provides support and protection of organs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lipocytes

“Fat cells” stored in subcutaneous layer in andipose tissue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Andipose tissue

Made up of adipocytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the sole purpose of lipocytes?

To manufacture and store large quantities of fat

Sweat Gland

Located deep in dermis layer; very close to subcutaneous layer

Eccrine

Numerous, important and widespread through body; tiny coiled tubes reach epidermis through pores Produce watery sweat

Apocrine

Primarily in axillae ( armpits) and in pigmented skin areas around genitals Thicker, milky secretion that can be odorous

Mammary Gland

Modified sweat gland; secretes milk only after birth of child

Ceruminous Gland

Located in skin that lines external auditory canals (ears) Secretes earwax or cerumen

Sebaceous Gland

Located in dermis; attached to hair follicles Secretes oily substance (sebum)

Sebum

Oils hair, lubricates skin, and prevents water loss

What are the four basic parts of our hair?

1- Hair shaft 2- Hair root 3- Hair follicle 4- Papilla

Hair shaft

Visible part of hair

Hair root

Embedded in dermis

Hair follicle

Bulblike attachment at the end of hair. Consists of root and coverings

Papilla

Loop of capillaries enclosed within connective tissue

Function of Nails

Protect ends of fingers and toes Provides physical support to fingertips to allow you to pick up small objects

Nails

Hard, keratin filled plates composed of tightly cemented horny cells

Lunula

White crescent at the base of nail

Cuticle

Narrow band of epidermis that extends from nail wall onto surface

Pruritis / itching

Histamine release form skin cells in response to allergic reaction

Erythema / redness

Caused by increased blood flow to affected area of skin

Edema / swelling

Fluid buildup in affected skin area

Scaling

Excess keratin buildup in epidermis layer of skin

Lesion

Circumscribed area of diseased skin tissue

Ulcers

Open lesions; torture damage in skin layers

Hives

Raised, irregularly shaped skin eruptions with red margins and pale centers; results from allergic reaction

Bacterial infection

Caused by bacteria; severe infections may require drainage of infected wounds and hospitalization

Generic for Zithromax

Azithromycin

Bacitracin

Bacitracin / neomycin / polymxyin B

Neosporin, Triple antibiotics

generic for Keflex

Cephalexin

Generic for Cipro

Ciprofloxacin

Generic for Bactroban

Mupirocin

Generic for Vancocin

Vancomycin

Fungal infections

Caused by fungi; skin surfaces exposed to sweat are at higher risks of acquiring fungal infections

Generic for Nystop

Nystatin

Generic for Diflucan

Fluconazole

Generic for lotrimin

Miconazole

Generic for Lamisil

Terbinafine

Generic for Ambisome

Amphotericin B

Viral Infections

Caused by viruses; highly contagious and sometimes require isolation. Sometimes patients provided supportive care until infection runs it’s course

Generic for Zovirax

Acyclovir

Generic for valtrex

Valacyclovir

Generic for Famvir

Famciclovir

Generic for Cytovene

Ganciclovir

Generic for Vistide

Cidofovir

Parasitic infections

Caused by parasite

Generic for Kwell

Lindane

Generic for elimite

Permethrin

Generic for Eurax

Crotamiton