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Integumentary System > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

Includes body membranes, skin, hair, finger nails and sweat and oil glands

1
Q

Includes body membranes skin, hair, finger nails, and sweat and oil glands

A

Integumentary System

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2
Q

Covers surfaces, line body cavities, and form protective sheets and organs

A

Body membranes

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3
Q

The two major groups of body membranes

A

Epithelial membranes and connective tissue membranes

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4
Q

Generally called as skin or integumentary system

A

Cutaneous membrane

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5
Q

Also called covering and lining membrane; include the cutaneous membrane, the mucous membranes, and the serous membranes

A

Epithelial membranes

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6
Q

Is composed of two layers, the superficial epidermis and the underlying dermis

A

Cutaneous membranes

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7
Q

Composed of stratified squamous epithelium

A

Epidermis

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8
Q

Mostly dense (fibrous) connective tissue

A

Dermis

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9
Q

Is exposed to air and is a dry membrane

A

Cutaneous membranes

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10
Q

Mucous membrane is composed of epithelium resting on a loose connective tissue membrane called

A

Lamina propia

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11
Q

This membrane type lines all body cavities that open to the exterior, such as those of the hollow organs of the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts

A

Mucous membrane

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12
Q

Refers only to the location of the epithelial membranes, not tgeir cellular makeup, which varies

A

Mucosa

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13
Q

Is composed of a layer of simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of areolar conmective tissue. It also line body cavities that are closed to the exterior

A

Serous membrane or serosa

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14
Q

Serous membranes occurs in pair the

A

Parietal layer and visceral layer

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15
Q

A serous membrane layer that Lines up a specific portion of the wall of the ventral body cavity

A

Parietal layer

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16
Q

A serous membrane layer that folds itself to form ____ wich covers the oustside of the organ cavities

A

Visceral layer

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17
Q

The serous layers are separated not by air but by a scanty amount of thin, clear fluid, called

A

Serous fluid

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18
Q

Allows tge organs to slide easily across the cavity walls and pne another without friction as they carry out their routine functions

A

The lubricating serous fluid

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19
Q

Serosa lining the abdominal cavity and covering its organs is the

A

Peritoneum

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20
Q

The membranes surrounding the lungs is

A

Pleurae

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21
Q

The membranes around the heart are the

A

Pericardia

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22
Q

Are composed of loose areolar connective tissue and contain no epithelial cells at all

A

Synovial membrabes

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23
Q

This membranes lines the fibrous capsules surrounding joints where they provide a smooth surface and secrete a lubricating fluid

A

Synovial membranes

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24
Q

Line small sacs of connective tissue called ____ and the tubelike tendon sheaths

A

Bursae

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25
Q

Is absolutely essential because it keeps water and other precious molecules in the body

A

Skin

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26
Q

The skin also produces acidic secretions called _____that protect against bacterial invasion

A

Acid mantle

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27
Q

Deep to the dermis is the _______ which is essentially is adipose (fats) tissue. Is not considered part of the skin, but does anchor the skin to underlying organs and provides a site for nutrient storage.

A

Subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis

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28
Q

Serves as a shock absorber and insulates the deeper tissue from estreme temperature changes occurring outside the body

A

Subcutaneous tissue

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29
Q

Most cells of the epidermis are _____ which produce keratin,

A

Keratinocytes

30
Q

The fibrous protein that makes the epidermis a tough protective layers in process is called

A

Keratinization

31
Q

The five layers of epidermis

A

Stantrum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum and corneum

32
Q

Tge deepest cell layer of the epidermis that lies closest to the dermis and is connected to it along a wavy border that resembles corrugated cardboard.

A

Stratum basale

33
Q

Stem cells in this layer are constantly dividing; hence its alternate name is

A

Stratum germinativum

34
Q

As they move away from the dermis and become part of the more superficial layers, this 2 layers will become flatter and increasingly keratinized

A

Stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum

35
Q

This latter epidermal is not present in all skin regions. It occurs only where the skin is hairless and extra thick, that is on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet

A

Stratum lucidum

36
Q

Is 20 to 30 cell layers thick, but it accounts for about three-quarters of the epidermal thickness

A

Stratum corneum

37
Q

The shinglelike dead cell remnants, completely filled with keratin, are reffered to as

A

Cornified or horny cells

38
Q

MERKEL CELLS Are associated with sensory nerve endings and serve as touch reseptors called

A

Merkel disc

39
Q

MELANIN a pigment that ranges in color from yellow to brown to black is produced by special spider-shaped cells called

A

Melanocytes

40
Q

Scattered in the epidermis are ________ which are important “sentries” that alert and activate immune system cells to a threat such as bacterial or viral invasion

A

Epidermal dendritic cells

41
Q

Is your “hide”. It is a strong stretchy envelope that helps to bind the body together

A

Dermis

42
Q

What are the 2 regions of dermis

A

Papillary and reticular

43
Q

It is uneven and has peglike projections from its superior surface called

A

Dermal papillae

44
Q

is the deepest skin layer

A

reticular layer

45
Q

Is the superficial dermal region

A

The papillary layer

46
Q

It contains dense irregular connective tissue, as well as blood vessels, sweat and oil glands, and deep pressure receptors called

A

Lamellar corpuscles

47
Q

Are responsible for the toughness of the dermis, they also attract and bind water and thus help to keep the skin hydrated

A

Collagen fibers

48
Q

Gives the skin its elasticity when we are young

A

Elastic fibers

49
Q

As the melanocytes produce melanin, it accumulates in their cytoplasm in membrane-bound granules called

A

Melanosomes

50
Q

Are Yellow, reddish brown or black pigment

A

Melanin

51
Q

Is an orange-yellow pigment plentiful in carrots and other orange, deep yellow or leafy green vegetables

A

Carotene

52
Q

Pigment in red blood cells in the dermal blood vessels

A

Hemoglobin

53
Q

Reddened skin may indicate embarrassment (blushing), fever, hypertension, inflammation, or allergy

A

Redness or erythema

54
Q

Under certain types of emotional stress (fear, anger), some people became pale.

A

Pallor or blanching

55
Q

Abnormal yellow skin tone usually signifies a liver disorder in which excess bile pigments accumulate in blood, circulate throughout the body, and become deposited in body tissues

A

Jaundice or yellow cast

56
Q

The black-and-blue marks of bruising reveal sites where blood has escaped from circulation and has clotted in the tissue spaces

A

Bruises

57
Q

Include cutaneous glands, hair and hair follicles, and nails

A

Skin appendages

58
Q

Are all exocrine glands that releases their secretions to the skin surface via ducts

A

Cutaneous glands

59
Q

2 groups of cutaneous glands

A

The ssebaceous glands and sweat glands

60
Q

Are found all over the skin except on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet

A

Sebaceous glands

61
Q

The product of sebaceous glands, is a mixture of oily substances and fragmented cells

A

Sebum

62
Q

Also called sudoriferous glands are widely distributed in the skin

A

Sweat glands

63
Q

2 types of sweat glands

A

Eccrine glands and apocrine glands

64
Q

Are far more numerous and are found all over the body. They produce SWEAT a clear secretion that is primarily water plus

A

Eccrine glands

65
Q

Sweat reaches the skib surface via a duct that opens externally as a funnel-shaped

A

Sweat pore

66
Q

Are largely confined to the axillary and genital areas of the body

A

Apocrine glands

67
Q

Is an important part of our body image

A

Hair

68
Q

A flexible epithelial structure

A

Hair

69
Q

Part of the hair enclosed in the hair follicles is called

A

Root

70
Q

The part projecting from the surface of the scalp or skin is called

A

Shaft

Integumentary System (1 decks)

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