Integumentary System

Question 1

what is the hypodermis known as?

Answer 1

subcutaneous tissue

Question 2

what is the name of the structure that is a protein and protects the skin and creates a water repellant seal?

Answer 2

keratinocytes

Question 3

what is one function of melanocytes?

Answer 3

absorbs UV to protects the DNA from damage

Question 4

which cells allow for an immune response and fight microbes?

Answer 4

langerhans

Question 5

What are the merkel sensory cells responible for?

Answer 5

sensation of touch

Question 6

where does 90% of thickness of skin come from?

Answer 6

dermis

Question 7

what is the vascular layer of the dermis called?

Answer 7

papillary layer

Question 8

which layer provides strength and resists forces, as well as provides elasticity and resilence?

Answer 8

reticular layer

Question 9

what is the hypodermis composed of?

Answer 9

fat + collagen

Question 10

what layer has the function of insulation, shock absorption, and energy storage center?

Answer 10

hypodermis

Question 11

what is the most common sign/symptom of skin disease?

Answer 11

pruritis

Question 12

what is uritcaria known as?

Answer 12

hives

Question 13

during uriticaria, what raised patch appears?

Answer 13

wheals

Question 14

what does a decreased number of melanocytes lead to?

Answer 14

impaired wound healing

Question 15

what does decreased vascularization lead to?

Answer 15

decreased vitamin D

Question 16

why are pressure sores more common with increased age?

Answer 16

due to less collagen and increased risk of shearing force trauma

Question 17

is atopic dermatitis acute or chronic

Answer 17

chronic

Question 18

what is the most common environmental skin disease?

Answer 18

contact dermatitis

Question 19

what disease has these symptoms: erythema, edema, intense pruritis

Answer 19

contact dermatitis

Question 20

what is the other pathological term for “road rash”

Answer 20

abrasion

Question 21

where do avulsions most commonly occur (workplace)

Answer 21

in industrial settings

Question 22

what is a contusion a result of?

Answer 22

damage of blood vessels leaking into the surrounding area

purple ecchymosis

Question 23

which disease does the epidermis separate from the dermis?

Answer 23

fracture blister

Question 24

what is it called when surgical wound opens caused by failure of the sutures, staples, or skin?

Answer 24

dehiscence - caused mostly by infection

Question 25

scalding and immersion are types of _____ injuries

Answer 25

burn

Question 26

Did you know a frostbite was a burn injury?

Answer 26

No

Question 27

which layer does a sun burn affect?

Answer 27

epidermis

Question 28

how long does a sunburn take to heal

Answer 28

3-5 days

Question 29

which burn has a red waxy white appearance?

Answer 29

3rd degree burn/deep partial thickness burn

Question 30

which burn has a white/charred appearance?

Answer 30

4th degree

Question 31

which degree burn has no blanching?

Answer 31

4th degree

Question 32

what temperature is the skin for arterial ulcers?

Answer 32

cool

Question 33

where do arterial ulcers most commonly occur

Answer 33

dorsum of foot

Question 34

what is the brown, rusty, discoloration of the skin called?

Answer 34

hemosiderin staining

Question 35

where are venous ulcers most commonly located

Answer 35

near malleoli

Question 36

define a stage 3 pressure ulcer.

Answer 36

full thickness ulcer with the subcutaneous tissue, not fascia

Question 37

if pressure is not relieved within a short period of time, the tissue becomes....

Answer 37

deprived of oxygen and dies

Question 38

what is the most common type of foot injury leading to amputation? what disease is this due to?

Answer 38

neuropathic ulcer, diabetes

Question 39

what is the disease called with these symptoms: direct weight under metatarsal heads, wound round in shape, increased amount of pain.

Answer 39

neuropathy

Question 40

what occurs if you have severe neuropathy?

Answer 40

charcot foot deformity

Question 41

Name the disease: intrinsics of foot weakened; arch of foot collapses/foot takes new shape

Answer 41

charcot foot deformity

Question 42

what occurs during thinning of a fat pad?

Answer 42

decreased fat between calcaneus and skin causing calcaneus exposure to ground forces, thereby leading to an ulcer

Question 43

what determines skin pigmentation?

Answer 43

melanin

Question 44

what is considered hyperpigmentation?

Answer 44

juvenile freckles

Question 45

what is considered hypopigmentation?

Answer 45

vitiligo

Question 46

Electrodesiccation is a treatment for which two cancerS?

Answer 46

basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

Question 47

which cancer rarely metastasizes beyond the skin?

Answer 47

basal cell carcinoma

Question 48

what cancer arises in sun damaged skin/overexposure of UV rays, and arises in the face, ear, lips, mouth, and dorsa of the hands?

Answer 48

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 49

what are the two types of squamous cell carcinoma.

Answer 49

in situ and invasive

Question 50

where does malignant melanoma originate from?

Answer 50

melanocytes

Question 51

what is the most common type of malignant melanoma?

Answer 51

superficial spreading melanoma

Question 52

where does superficial spreading melanoma mostly occur?

Answer 52

between knees, ankles, and upper back

Question 53

describe the mole type of superifical spreading melanoma.

Answer 53

brown/black raised patch with irregular border

Question 54

which melanoma is asymptomatic?

Answer 54

superficial spreading melanoma

Question 55

what percentage of nodular melanoma is cutaneous?

Answer 55

12%

Question 56

what layer does nodular melanoma invade?

Answer 56

dermis

Question 57

Name this disease: on sun exposed areas (head, neck, dorsum of hands), enlarged lesions, varied/irregular pigmentation

Answer 57

lentigo maligna melanoma

Question 58

Name this disease: seen in dark skinned, dark brown lesions with raised bumpy areas, seen in palms of hands/soles of feet

Answer 58

acral lentiginous melanoma

Question 59

who is at risk for malignant melanoma

Answer 59

blond hair, blue eyes

Question 60

what is prognosis for malignant melanoma

Answer 60

100% good if detected

Question 61

how is ringworm transmitted

Answer 61

direct contact with lesions or indrect contact with shoes, towels, stalls

Question 62

name this disease: erythema, skin peeling, and pruritus between the toes, w/ strong foot odor

Answer 62

athletes foot

Question 63

name this disease: symptoms = intense pruritus, excoriated skin, linear ridge with a burrow

Answer 63

scabies

Question 64

what is the correct term for lice

Answer 64

pediculosis