Integumentary System Flashcards
The set of organs forming the outermost layer of an animal’s body
Integumentary System
What primarily comprises of the integumentary system and acts as a physical barrier between the external and internal environment
The skin and its appendages
One of the functions of the skin is for P_____
Protection
One of the functions of the skin is for B______ R______
Blood reservoir
One of the functions of the skin is for T_____
Thermoregulation
Blood vessel function/s under thermoregulation
Vasodilation & Vasoconstriction
One of the functions of the skin is for S____ and A____
Excretion/secretion and absorption
One of the functions of the skin is for the synthesis of this particular vitamin
Vitamin D
The topmost layer in the anatomy of the skin
Epidermis
The middle layer in the anatomy of the skin
Dermis
The bottommost layer in the anatomy of the skin
Subcutaneous Tissue
A verbose term pertaining to the epidermis
Clue: KaSSET
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue
Cells of the epidermis that produces keratin for structural use
Keratinocytes
Cells of the epidermis that produces melanin
Melanocytes
Amino acid present in the epidermis that aids in UV protection
Melanin
Langerhans cells are intraepidermal __________. Also known as a type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells.
Macrophages
Cells of the epidermis that act as a dense network of immune system sentinels with functions such as antigen recognition.
Langerhans cells
Cells of the epidermis that resemble touch receptors
Merkel cells
Another term for Merkel cells or touch receptors of the epidermis
Tactile epithelial cells
Bottommost layer of the epidermis
Consist of Merkel cells or tactile epithelial cells
Stratum basale
2nd to the bottommost layer of the epidermis
Consists of alive keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, and melanocytes
Stratum spinosum
Middle layer of the epidermis
Consists of lamellar granules
Stratum granulosum
2nd to the topmost layer of the epidermis
Stratum lucidum
Topmost layer of the epidermis
Consists of dead keratinocytes
Stratum corneum
The cell/s present in the dermis
Fibroblasts, macrophages, and adipocytes
10% of blood flow is around this layer. This layer of the skin is also known to be vascularized.
Dermal layer / Dermis
A chronic (long-lasting) disease in which the immune system becomes overactive, causing skin cells to multiply too quickly.
Particularly, it involves hyperproliferation of the keratinocytes in the epidermis, with an increase in the epidermal cell turnover rate
Psoriasis
The hypodermis is known as the storage of most ______
Body fat
The hypodermis consist mostly of these tissues
Adipose tissue
Lies between the dermis and underlying tissues and organs
It serves to fasten the skin to the underlying surface, provides thermal insulation, and absorbs shocks from impacts to the skin.
Hypodermis
These are linear clefts in the skin that indicate the direction of orientation of the underlying collagen fibers.
They reflect internal tension within the skin due to connective tissue (e.g. collagen) within the dermis.
Tension lines or cleavage lines
Non-harmful (benign) accumulation of melanocytes
Moles
Age spots caused by the accumulation of melanin
Freckles
A process that is based on melanocytes present among the basal cells of the epidermis as a defense mechanism against UV rays from sunlight (mainly) to prevent sunburn.
Melanin synthesis
Disease caused by pathogenic variants in genes important for melanin synthesis
Albinism
Secretes to the surface through the skin; secreted externally
Exocrine
Secretes to the blood stream; secreted internally
Endocrine
Collection of epithelial tissue that secretes either endocrine or exocrine
Skin glands
Form of skin cancer that is the least serious and around the stratum basale
Basal cell carcinoma (70%)
Form of cancer that is the most serious. Known as the cancer of the melanocytes
Malignant melanoma
Form of skin cancer around the stratum spinosum
Squamous cell carcinoma (20%)
Kind of sudoriferous gland that develop in areas with many hair follicles
Apocrine
Kind of sudoriferous gland that occur over most of the body and open directly onto the skin’s surface
Eccrine
Type of skin gland that secrete sweat
Sudoriferous glands
Type of skin gland that secretes oil/sebum. Often associated with hair follicles
Sebaceous glands
